目的:研究自2016年修订以来,英国公众对饮酒指南的认识和知识的趋势,该指南已从每日指南转变为每周指南。让指导方针对男性和女性都是一样的,并将男性的指导方针减少了大约三分之一。
方法:数据来自代表,重复横断面调查。我们分析了2016年至2022年间8168名成年饮酒者对饮酒指南的认识和知识的变化,以及与社会人口统计学特征的关联。吸烟状况和饮酒水平。
结果:知道指南的饮酒者比例从2016年的86.0%(95CI84.0-88.0%)下降到2019年的81.7%(79.5-84.0%),然后在COVID-19大流行期间上升。2020年达到91.6%(90.1-93.1%)的峰值。从2016年起,正确确定该指南最多14个单位/周的比例保持在大约四分之一(25.0%,22.4-27.5%)至2018年(25.8%,23.2-28.3%),而给出14个或更少单位的比例从52.1(49.2-55.0%)上升到57.4%(54.6-60.3%)。然而,到2022年,指南知识显著恶化,这些数字降至19.7(17.4-21.9%)和46.5%(43.6-49.4%),分别。亚组随时间的变化相似。年龄≥35岁、女性、受教育程度更高,社会地位更高。
结论:英国大多数成年饮酒者都知道低风险饮酒指南。然而,自他们宣布以来的6年,修订后的饮酒指南知识仍然贫乏。不到四分之一的人知道建议的每周限额,只有大约一半的人认为这是14个单位或更少。不平等一直存在,这样弱势群体仍然不太可能知道准则。
OBJECTIVE: To examine trends in public awareness and knowledge of drinking
guidelines in the UK since their revision in 2016, which had moved from a daily to a weekly
guideline, made the
guideline the same for men and women, and reduced the
guideline for men by around one-third.
METHODS: Data were from a representative, repeat cross-sectional survey. We analysed changes in awareness and knowledge of drinking
guidelines among 8168 adult drinkers between 2016 and 2022 and associations with sociodemographic characteristics, smoking status and level of alcohol consumption.
RESULTS: The proportion of drinkers aware of guidelines declined from 86.0% (95%CI 84.0-88.0%) in 2016 to 81.7% (79.5-84.0%) in 2019, then increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, peaking at 91.6% (90.1-93.1%) in 2020. The proportion who correctly identified the
guideline as a maximum of exactly 14 units/week remained at around a quarter from 2016 (25.0%, 22.4-27.5%) to 2018 (25.8%, 23.2-28.3%), whereas the proportion who gave a figure of 14 units or fewer rose from 52.1 (49.2-55.0%) to 57.4% (54.6-60.3%). However, by 2022, guideline knowledge had worsened significantly, with these figures falling to 19.7 (17.4-21.9%) and 46.5% (43.6-49.4%), respectively. Changes over time were similar across subgroups. Odds of guideline awareness and knowledge were higher among drinkers who were aged ≥35, female, more educated and from more advantaged social grades.
CONCLUSIONS: The majority of adult drinkers in the UK are aware of low-risk drinking guidelines. However, 6 years since their announcement, knowledge of the revised drinking guidelines remains poor. Less than a quarter know the recommended weekly limit and only around half think it is 14 units or less. Inequalities have persisted over time, such that disadvantaged groups remain less likely to know the guidelines.