急性冠脉综合征(ACS)已成为世界上主要的死亡原因之一。尽管人们普遍认为ACS是老年人或人类疾病,受这种情况影响的年轻女性人数正在增加。许多研究已经评估了ACS的危险因素,但只有少数研究集中在这个亚群上。因此,本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在评估年轻女性人群中ACS易感的危险因素.
从开始之日到2021年9月,筛选了9个在线数据库,其中使用PRISMA声明对获得的研究进行了评估。纳入标准为病例对照研究,女性年龄截止<50岁。采用随机效应模型分析急性冠脉综合征的危险因素,表示为分类变量的比值比(OR)和正态分布连续数据的标准平均差(SMD)的汇总统计量,95%置信区间(CI)。使用STROBE语句进行质量评估。
7项研究共7042例患者符合本荟萃分析的纳入标准。糖尿病,高BMI,肥胖,高胆固醇血症,高血压,吸烟,和家族史显著增加了年轻女性急性冠脉综合征的风险。其他风险,如大量饮酒,口服避孕药的使用,绝经后的状态与ACS的高风险相关。
与年轻女性ACS密切相关的独立危险因素是糖尿病,高血压,高胆固醇血症的奇数比率为6.21、5.32和4.07。其他可能与年轻女性患ACS风险增加相关的危险因素是大量饮酒,口服避孕药的使用,和绝经后状态。关于这些危险因素,对这一特定人群的健康促进和有效干预可以降低年轻女性心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率,并提高女性的生活质量。
Acute coronary syndrome (
ACS) has been one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. Despite common understanding regarding
ACS as an older population\'s or man\'s disease, the number of young women affected by this condition is increasing. Many studies have assessed the risk factors of
ACS, but only a few studies focused on this subpopulation. Therefore, this systematic
review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the risk factors predisposing to
ACS in the young women population.
Nine online databases were screened from the date of inception to September 2021, where the acquired studies were evaluated using the PRISMA statement. The inclusion criteria were a case control study with women age cut-off of <50 years. The risk factors of acute coronary syndrome were analyzed using a random-effect model, expressed as summary statistics of odds ratio (OR) for categorical variable and standard mean difference (SMD) for continuous data with normal distribution, with 95% confidence interval (CI). Quality assessment was conducted using the STROBE statement.
Seven studies with the total of 7042 patients met the inclusion criteria of this metaanalysis. Diabetes mellitus, high BMI, obesity, hypercholestrolemia, hypertension, smoking, and family history significantly increased acute coronary syndrome risk in young women. Other risks such as heavy alcohol consumption, oral contraceptive use, and postmenopausal state were associated with higher risk of ACS.
The independent risk factors which are strongly related to ACS in young women were diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia with odd ratios of 6.21, 5.32, and 4.07. Other risk factors which may be associated with an increased risk of ACS in young women were heavy alcohol consumption, oral contraceptive use, and postmenopausal state. Health promotion and effective intervention on this specific population regarding these risk factors can decrease young female cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as well as improved quality of life of women.