背景:龋齿的状况与口腔微生物组的变化密切相关。在这项研究中,我们比较了儿童严重早期龋齿(S-ECC)患儿在全身麻醉和门诊治疗前后牙菌斑微生物组的多样性和结构.
方法:选择40名在全身麻醉(C1)或门诊(C2)下完成全口牙科治疗的3至5岁S-ECC患儿,每组20人。记录患儿的基本信息和口腔健康状况,以及治疗前牙菌斑的微生物群落结构和多样性(C1,C2),治疗后的第二天(C2_0D),治疗后7天(C1_7D,C2_7D),治疗后1个月(C1_1M,C2_1M),和治疗后3个月(C1_3M,C2_3M)通过16SrRNA高通量测序技术进行分析。
结果:(1)α多样性检验表明,多重组菌群丰富度在治疗后明显大于治疗前(P<0.05),其余α多样性指数在两组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。β多样性分析表明,C1_7D组和C2_3M组的植物区系结构与各组内其他时间点的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)治疗前和治疗后两组均存在核心菌群。根据两组儿童的龋齿状况,它们的植物丰度比例可能会发生变化。单约会组和多约会组治疗后7天,Leptotrichia丰度显着降低(P<0.05)。C1_1M和C1_3M组比C1和C1_7D组显著丰富(P<0.05)。链球菌,C1_7D组的嗜血杆菌和副流感嗜血杆菌明显高于其他组(P<0.05)。
结论:全身麻醉下的单次治疗可在治疗后7天内引起微生物群落结构和组成的巨大变化,而多次预约治疗可能会导致口腔菌群多样性的缓慢变化。
BACKGROUND: The status of dental caries is closely related to changes in the oral microbiome. In this
study, we compared the diversity and structure of the dental plaque microbiome in children with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) before and after general anaesthesia and outpatient treatment.
METHODS: Forty children aged 3 to 5 years with S-ECC who had completed whole-mouth dental treatment under general anaesthesia (C1) or in outpatient settings (C2) were selected, 20 in each group. The basic information and oral health status of the children were recorded, and the microbial community structure and diversity of dental plaque before treatment (C1, C2), the day after treatment(C2_0D), 7 days after treatment (C1_7D, C2_7D), 1 month after treatment (C1_1M, C2_1M), and 3 months after treatment (C1_3M, C2_3M) were analysed via 16 S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology.
RESULTS: (1) The alpha diversity test showed that the flora richness in the multiappointment group was significantly greater at posttreatment than at pretreatment (P < 0.05), and the remaining alpha diversity index did not significantly differ between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). The beta diversity analysis revealed that the flora structures of the C1_7D group and the C2_3M group were significantly different from those of the other time points within the respective groups (P < 0.05). (2) The core flora existed in both the pre- and posttreatment groups, and the proportion of their flora abundance could be altered depending on the caries status of the children in both groups. Leptotrichia abundance was significantly (P < 0.05) lower at 7 days posttreatment in both the single- and multiappointment groups. Corynebacterium and Corynebacterium_matruchotii were significantly more abundant in the C1_1M and C1_3M groups than in the C1 and C1_7D groups (P < 0.05). Streptococcus, Haemophilus and Haemophilus_parainfluenzae were significantly more abundant in the C1_7D group than in the other groups (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: A single session of treatment under general anaesthesia can cause dramatic changes in the microbial community structure and composition within 7 days after treatment, whereas treatment over multiple appointments may cause slow changes in oral flora diversity.