Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this scoping review was to systematically synthesize barriers and facilitators for physical activity (PA) among children and youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) across the socioecological model.
METHODS: Five electronic databases were searched in March 2022 for studies examining barriers and facilitators for PA among children and youth with ASD. An updated search was performed in April 2024. The framework synthesis method was utilized, and the socioecological model was the chosen framework.
RESULTS: Fifty-four studies published from 2008 to 2024 were included. Among the included studies, 57% included the perspectives of children and youth with ASD alone or together with proxies (eg, parents, teachers, and coaches), while 43% included only the perspectives of proxies. Barriers and facilitators on the intrapersonal and interpersonal levels were most substantial. The analysis led to 2 main categories of barriers and facilitators, those unique to children and youth with ASD, and those similar to what had been identified through research on children and youth, both typically developing and with other disabilities.
CONCLUSIONS: This comprehensive scoping review shows the complexity of factors contributing to barriers and facilitators for PA among children and youth with ASD, and highlights both the factors unique to this population and more general factors affecting PA participation. The findings from this synthesis might be used to guide the development of inclusive PA in physical education, organized sports, and other community PA arenas.
METHODS: Five electronic databases were searched in March 2022 for studies examining barriers and facilitators for PA among children and youth with ASD. An updated search was performed in April 2024. The framework synthesis method was utilized, and the socioecological model was the chosen framework.
RESULTS: Fifty-four studies published from 2008 to 2024 were included. Among the included studies, 57% included the perspectives of children and youth with ASD alone or together with proxies (eg, parents, teachers, and coaches), while 43% included only the perspectives of proxies. Barriers and facilitators on the intrapersonal and interpersonal levels were most substantial. The analysis led to 2 main categories of barriers and facilitators, those unique to children and youth with ASD, and those similar to what had been identified through research on children and youth, both typically developing and with other disabilities.
CONCLUSIONS: This comprehensive scoping review shows the complexity of factors contributing to barriers and facilitators for PA among children and youth with ASD, and highlights both the factors unique to this population and more general factors affecting PA participation. The findings from this synthesis might be used to guide the development of inclusive PA in physical education, organized sports, and other community PA arenas.
摘要：
背景：本范围综述的目的是在社会生态模型中系统地综合患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的儿童和青年的身体活动（PA）的障碍和促进因素。
方法：2022年3月搜索了五个电子数据库，以研究ASD儿童和青少年中PA的障碍和促进因素。在2024年4月进行了更新的搜索。利用框架合成方法，社会生态模型是选择的框架。
结果：纳入了2008年至2024年发表的54项研究。在纳入的研究中，57%的人包括单独或与代理人一起患有ASD的儿童和青年的观点(例如，父母,教师,和教练)，而43%只包括代理人的观点。内部和人际层面的障碍和促进者最为严重。分析得出了两个主要类别的障碍和促进者，ASD儿童和青年特有的，以及类似于通过对儿童和青年的研究确定的那些，通常发展和其他残疾。
结论：这项全面的范围审查表明，在患有ASD的儿童和青少年中，导致PA障碍和促进因素的复杂性，并强调了这一人群特有的因素和影响PA参与的更一般的因素。该综合研究结果可用于指导体育教学中包容性PA的发展，有组织的运动,和其他社区PA竞技场。
方法：2022年3月搜索了五个电子数据库，以研究ASD儿童和青少年中PA的障碍和促进因素。在2024年4月进行了更新的搜索。利用框架合成方法，社会生态模型是选择的框架。
结果：纳入了2008年至2024年发表的54项研究。在纳入的研究中，57%的人包括单独或与代理人一起患有ASD的儿童和青年的观点(例如，父母,教师,和教练)，而43%只包括代理人的观点。内部和人际层面的障碍和促进者最为严重。分析得出了两个主要类别的障碍和促进者，ASD儿童和青年特有的，以及类似于通过对儿童和青年的研究确定的那些，通常发展和其他残疾。
结论：这项全面的范围审查表明，在患有ASD的儿童和青少年中，导致PA障碍和促进因素的复杂性，并强调了这一人群特有的因素和影响PA参与的更一般的因素。该综合研究结果可用于指导体育教学中包容性PA的发展，有组织的运动,和其他社区PA竞技场。
