PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Allopurinol lowers urate production through the inhibition of xanthine oxidase. It is oxidatively hydroxylated to oxypurinol and is the most prescribed medication for gout treatment. Although it has a beneficial effect in the treatment of this common disease, like many medications, it is also known for having numerous adverse effects. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), diseases that exist on a spectrum, are two of the most dangerous adverse effects associated with allopurinol use. These immune-mediated disease processes involve almost every organ system. They are essential to recognize as early as possible, as they could potentially be deadly, requiring cessation of the medication with initial signs of rash or other early manifestations of SJS/TEN. One major consideration in the increased risk of allopurinol-mediated or modulated SJS/TEN is the need to have a lower dose in the setting of renal disease. The purpose of this review is not only to examine the involvement of allopurinol in SJS/TEN but also to provide detailed information about the drug, allopurinol, and general features and characteristics of SJS/TEN and other associated drug reactions.
摘要：
别嘌醇通过抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶降低尿酸盐的产生。它被氧化羟基化为氧天嘌呤醇，是痛风治疗的最常用药物。尽管它在治疗这种常见疾病方面具有有益作用，像许多药物一样，它也因具有许多副作用而闻名。史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征（SJS）和中毒性表皮坏死松解症（TEN），存在于光谱上的疾病，是与别嘌呤醇使用相关的两种最危险的不良反应。这些免疫介导的疾病过程涉及几乎每个器官系统。他们必须尽早认识到，因为它们可能是致命的，需要停止药物治疗，最初出现皮疹或其他SJS/TEN早期表现。别嘌呤醇介导或调节的SJS/TEN的风险增加的一个主要考虑因素是在肾脏疾病的背景下需要具有较低剂量。这篇综述的目的不仅是检查别嘌呤醇在SJS/TEN中的参与，而且还提供有关该药物的详细信息，别嘌呤醇,以及SJS/TEN和其他相关药物反应的一般特征和特征。
