Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To describe the nurses\' use of non-pharmacological pain and stress management (N-PPSM) in pediatric wards and their perceptions of the benefits and perceived barriers that encourage and limited their use of these methods.
METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 125 nurses working in the pediatric ward of an Indonesian hospital. Data collection utilized modified non-pharmacological method questionnaires, and data analysis involved t-tests and ANOVA.
RESULTS: The most widely used N-PPSM by nurses are cognitive methods such as providing education (48%), physical methods by positioning (40%), emotional support (36%), environmental support (45%), and family support (60%). Nurses stated that N-PPSM had few side effects (50.4%), were inexpensive (49.6%), could be performed independently (51.2%), and were easy to use (52.8%). However, during its implementation, there were several obstacles including lack of experience (42.4%), lack of training (48%), lack of equipment (45.6%), nurse belief (36.8%), lack of time (44%), patient unwilling (47.2%), and patient belief (41.6%). Work experience influences the overall utilization of N-PPSM (p-value = .043).
CONCLUSIONS: The findings from this research emphasize the significance of enhanced training for nurses working in the utilization of N-PPSM in pediatric wards.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this study can enhance nurses\' knowledge and competence in using N-PPSM in pediatric wards, thus improving patient care. Hospitals may consider implementing new policies, education, training, and infrastructure to support N-PPSM. Educational institutions can also incorporate these methods into nursing curricula, increasing nurses\' awareness and skills in using N-PPSM in pediatric patients.
METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 125 nurses working in the pediatric ward of an Indonesian hospital. Data collection utilized modified non-pharmacological method questionnaires, and data analysis involved t-tests and ANOVA.
RESULTS: The most widely used N-PPSM by nurses are cognitive methods such as providing education (48%), physical methods by positioning (40%), emotional support (36%), environmental support (45%), and family support (60%). Nurses stated that N-PPSM had few side effects (50.4%), were inexpensive (49.6%), could be performed independently (51.2%), and were easy to use (52.8%). However, during its implementation, there were several obstacles including lack of experience (42.4%), lack of training (48%), lack of equipment (45.6%), nurse belief (36.8%), lack of time (44%), patient unwilling (47.2%), and patient belief (41.6%). Work experience influences the overall utilization of N-PPSM (p-value = .043).
CONCLUSIONS: The findings from this research emphasize the significance of enhanced training for nurses working in the utilization of N-PPSM in pediatric wards.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this study can enhance nurses\' knowledge and competence in using N-PPSM in pediatric wards, thus improving patient care. Hospitals may consider implementing new policies, education, training, and infrastructure to support N-PPSM. Educational institutions can also incorporate these methods into nursing curricula, increasing nurses\' awareness and skills in using N-PPSM in pediatric patients.
摘要：
目的：描述护士在儿科病房使用非药物疼痛和压力管理（N-PPSM）以及他们对鼓励和限制他们使用这些方法的益处和感知障碍的看法。
方法：这是一项描述性横断面研究，涉及125名在印度尼西亚医院儿科病房工作的护士。数据收集利用改良的非药理学方法问卷，数据分析涉及t检验和方差分析。
结果：护士最广泛使用的N-PPSM是认知方法，例如提供教育（48％），通过定位的物理方法(40%)，情感支持（36%），环境支持(45%)，家庭支持（60%）。护士表示，N-PPSM几乎没有副作用(50.4%)，价格低廉(49.6%)，可以独立执行（51.2%），并且易于使用（52.8％）。然而,在实施过程中,有几个障碍，包括缺乏经验(42.4%)，缺乏培训(48%)，缺乏设备(45.6%),护士信念(36.8%)，缺乏时间（44%）患者不愿意（47.2%），和病人的信念(41.6%)。工作经验影响N-PPSM的整体利用率(p值=.043)。
结论：这项研究的结果强调了加强儿科病房护士利用N-PPSM培训的重要性。
结论：这项研究的结果可以提高护士在儿科病房使用N-PPSM的知识和能力，改善患者护理。医院可能会考虑实施新政策，教育,培训,以及支持N-PPSM的基础设施。教育机构也可以将这些方法纳入护理课程，提高护士在儿科患者中使用N-PPSM的意识和技能。
方法：这是一项描述性横断面研究，涉及125名在印度尼西亚医院儿科病房工作的护士。数据收集利用改良的非药理学方法问卷，数据分析涉及t检验和方差分析。
结果：护士最广泛使用的N-PPSM是认知方法，例如提供教育（48％），通过定位的物理方法(40%)，情感支持（36%），环境支持(45%)，家庭支持（60%）。护士表示，N-PPSM几乎没有副作用(50.4%)，价格低廉(49.6%)，可以独立执行（51.2%），并且易于使用（52.8％）。然而,在实施过程中,有几个障碍，包括缺乏经验(42.4%)，缺乏培训(48%)，缺乏设备(45.6%),护士信念(36.8%)，缺乏时间（44%）患者不愿意（47.2%），和病人的信念(41.6%)。工作经验影响N-PPSM的整体利用率(p值=.043)。
结论：这项研究的结果强调了加强儿科病房护士利用N-PPSM培训的重要性。
结论：这项研究的结果可以提高护士在儿科病房使用N-PPSM的知识和能力，改善患者护理。医院可能会考虑实施新政策，教育,培训,以及支持N-PPSM的基础设施。教育机构也可以将这些方法纳入护理课程，提高护士在儿科患者中使用N-PPSM的意识和技能。
