PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Bread wheat germplasm is accessed from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) and the International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) by Australian wheat breeders and researchers through the CIMMYT Australia ICARDA Germplasm Evaluation (CAIGE) program. The CAIGE program coordinates the selection, importation, quarantine, dissemination, and evaluation of the imported bread wheat germplasm and the management of associated data and information. This paper describes the CAIGE model and assesses both the genetic and economic impacts of these materials on the Australian wheat industry after commercialisation of wheat breeding in the early 21st century and the establishment of CAIGE. The CAIGE concept was validated using data collected and analysed from multi-environment trials between 2017 and 2020. The impact of cultivars with and without CAIGE contribution to pedigree on yield was estimated using production-by-variety statistics. Net gain in yield, estimated as the yield difference between CAIGE and Non-CAIGE varieties, was multiplied by the percentage contribution to pedigree to estimate the additional yield. The CAIGE bread wheat program identified diverse, high-yielding, and disease-resistant germplasm and significantly improved the capture and dissemination of information. The benefit-cost ratio, calculated as the sum of benefits divided by investments, indicated that, for every dollar invested in CAIGE, a further $20 was generated in benefits. The internal rate of return was estimated at 163% and the modified rate at 18%. The benefits of these international materials to Australian wheat breeding remained significant.
摘要：
澳大利亚小麦育种者和研究人员通过CIMMYT澳大利亚ICARDA种质评估（CAIGE）计划，从国际玉米和小麦改良中心（CIMMYT）和国际干旱地区农业研究中心（ICARDA）获取面包小麦种质。CAIGE程序协调选择，进口,检疫,传播,进口面包小麦种质的评估以及相关数据和信息的管理。本文介绍了CAIGE模型，并评估了这些材料在21世纪初小麦育种商业化和CAIGE建立后对澳大利亚小麦产业的遗传和经济影响。使用从2017年至2020年的多环境试验中收集和分析的数据验证了CAIGE概念。使用按品种生产的统计数据估算了有和没有CAIGE贡献的品种对产量的影响。净收益，估计为CAIGE和非CAIGE品种之间的产量差异，乘以对谱系的贡献百分比来估计额外产量。CAIGE面包小麦计划确定了各种各样的，高产,和抗病种质，并显着改善了信息的捕获和传播。效益成本比，计算为福利总和除以投资，表示，投资于CAIGE的每一美元，又产生了20美元的福利。内部收益率估计为163％，修正率为18％。这些国际材料对澳大利亚小麦育种的好处仍然很大。
