Abstract：
A bystander to racial violence is conventionally thought of as someone who witnesses an overt act of racial oppression at the interpersonal level, such as police brutality. However, racial violence in health research, pedagogy, and practice often shows up more covertly, like through epistemic injustice, deficits-based framing, and racial essentialism. We aim to expand how we think about bystanders and perpetrators of racial violence within health institutions, and how antiracism bystander behavioral approaches can be deployed to intervene against such violence. Existing public health antiracism frameworks, such as the Public Health Critical Race Praxis and the PEN-3 Cultural Model, offer valuable constructs and processes through which health practitioners, researchers, and academics can disrupt racial violence. Such antiracism frameworks are well suited to provide individuals within public health and health care with the knowledge, skills, and efficacy to intervene as engaged bystanders against racism within their contexts. To illustrate how constructs within antiracism frameworks can be applied by bystanders in various health settings, we outline case examples of antiracism bystander interventions across three scenarios. The more bystanders there are within health institutions that are equipped with antiracism tools, the more likely normative behaviors uplifting White supremacy within these institutions can be disrupted and health equity can be actualized.
摘要：
种族暴力的旁观者通常被认为是在人际层面目睹种族压迫的公开行为的人，比如警察的暴行.然而,健康研究中的种族暴力，教育学,实践往往表现得更隐蔽，比如通过认知不公正，基于赤字的框架，种族本质主义。我们的目标是扩大我们对卫生机构内种族暴力的旁观者和肇事者的看法，以及如何部署反种族主义旁观者行为方法来干预这种暴力。现有的公共卫生反种族主义框架，如公共卫生关键种族实践和PEN-3文化模式，提供有价值的结构和过程，通过这些结构和过程，健康从业者，研究人员,和学者可以破坏种族暴力。这种反种族主义框架非常适合为公共卫生和卫生保健领域的个人提供知识，技能,以及作为参与反对种族主义的旁观者在其背景下进行干预的效力。为了说明反种族主义框架内的结构如何被各种健康环境中的旁观者应用，我们概述了反种族主义旁观者干预三种情况的案例。配备反种族主义工具的卫生机构中的旁观者越多，这些机构中提升白人至上地位的更有可能的规范行为可能被破坏，健康公平可以实现。
