Abstract：
Plants convert solar energy and carbon dioxide into organic compounds through photosynthesis. Sucrose is the primary carbonate produced during photosynthesis. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is the key enzyme controlling sucrose biosynthesis in plants. There are at least three SPS gene families in higher plants, named A, B, and C. However, in monocotyledonous plants from Poaceae, there are at least five SPS gene families, named A, B, C, DIII, and DIV. Each family of SPS genes in different plants shows a divergent expression pattern. So different families of SPS genes participate in diverse biological functions, including sucrose accumulation, plant growth and production, and abiotic stress tolerance. SPS activity in plants is regulated by exogenous factors through gene expression and reversible protein phosphorylation. It is a practicable way to improve crop traits through SPS gene transformation. This work analyzes the cloning, phylogeny, and regulatory mechanism of the SPS gene in plants, reviews its biological function as well as its role in crop improvement, and discusses the challenges and future perspectives. This paper can serve as a reference for further study on plant SPS genes and eventually for crop improvement.
摘要：
植物通过光合作用将太阳能和二氧化碳转化为有机化合物。蔗糖是光合作用过程中产生的主要碳酸盐。蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)是控制植物蔗糖生物合成的关键酶。高等植物中至少有三个SPS基因家族,名为A,B,C.然而，在禾本科单子叶植物中，至少有5个SPS基因家族,名为A,B,C,DIII,和DIV。不同植物中的每个SPS基因家族都表现出不同的表达模式。因此SPS基因的不同家族参与了不同的生物学功能,包括蔗糖积累，植物生长和生产，和非生物胁迫耐受性。植物中的SPS活性受外源因子通过基因表达和可逆蛋白磷酸化调控。通过SPS基因转化来改善作物性状是一条切实可行的途径。这项工作分析了克隆，系统发育,植物SPS基因的调控机制,回顾了其生物学功能及其在作物改良中的作用，并讨论了挑战和未来前景。本文可为植物SPS基因的进一步研究和作物改良提供参考。
