PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Maritime industries utilize many different watch keeping schedules to maintain vigilance and crew safety around the clock. These schedules can be fatiguing, negatively impacting vigilant attention. This has led to the consideration of schedules that might allow for more sleep time, but how these schedules impact higher order cognitive function remains unclear. These schedules require assessment with tasks that are relevant to real-world operations on maritime vessels. This study investigated the effect of four schedules on higher order cognitive function. N = 27 (16 female) participants were recruited to a 10-day laboratory study, comparing four schedules. The schedules investigated were eight-on/eight-off/four-on/four-off (8/8/4/4) with sleep from 09:30 to 16:00 (condition A); six-on/six-off (6/6) with sleep from 08:30 to 12:30 and 21:30 to 00:00 (condition B); four-on/four-off (4/4/4/4/4/4) with sleep from 18:00 to 00:30 (condition C); and four-on/four-off (4/4/4/4/4/4) with sleep from 01:30 to 08:00 (condition D). Higher order cognitive function was assessed 2-3× daily whilst \"on watch\" using tests of visual scanning, learning, working memory, mental flexibility, and visuomotor control. Conditions were ranked and stability of performance on watch was compared between conditions using Kruskal-Wallis tests. Cognitive function within condition B was ranked the worst for most of the tasks. However, the stability of higher order cognitive function was poorest across the waking day within condition A. These findings highlight the variability in cognitive capacities during different watch keeping schedules.
摘要：
海事行业利用许多不同的值班时间表来全天候保持警惕和船员安全。这些时间表可能会让人疲劳，对警惕的注意力产生负面影响。这导致了对时间表的考虑，这些时间表可能允许更多的睡眠时间，但这些时间表如何影响高阶认知功能仍不清楚.这些时间表需要评估与海上船舶实际运营相关的任务。这项研究调查了四种时间表对高阶认知功能的影响。N=27（16名女性）参与者被招募到为期10天的实验室研究，比较四个时间表。调查的时间表是八开/八关/四开/四关（8/8/4/4），睡眠时间为09:30至16:00（条件A）；六开/六关（6/6），睡眠时间为08:30至12:30和21:30至00:00（条件B）；四开/四关（4/4/4），从30到4C（4）：4（4）使用视觉扫描测试，每天2-3倍评估高阶认知功能，同时“观察”，学习,工作记忆,心理灵活性,和视觉运动控制。使用Kruskal-Wallis测试对条件进行分级,并在条件之间比较手表性能的稳定性。在大多数任务中，条件B中的认知功能排名最差。然而,在A条件下，在醒着的一天中，高阶认知功能的稳定性最差。这些发现强调了在不同的手表保持时间表期间认知能力的变异性。
