PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Introduction The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) in Pakistan is a rising concern affecting school-going children, marked by coexisting under- and over-nutrition within the same population. Key influences include shifts in dietary habits, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle changes due to rapid urbanization. With a focus on Multan, Pakistan, the study seeks to assess the proportion of underweight and overweight students while identifying the risk factors and sociodemographic characteristics associated with this incidence. The aim is to guide future health interventions addressing this multidimensional health challenge. Materials and methods This study, adopting a descriptive cross-sectional research design, collected data from female teenage students through interviews and anthropometric measurements. A total of 300 participants were randomly selected from a comprehensive school list representing diverse urban and rural settings. Participants\' weight and height were measured to calculate their body mass index (BMI), categorizing them into underweight, normal weight, and overweight groups. The relevant risk factors were collected through an interview questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0 (Released 2019; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States), with the results stratified according to socioeconomic, dietary, and psychosocial factors and compared across different weight categories. Results The study collected data from 300 students, revealing a correlation between socioeconomic status, dietary habits, and BMI. Parental occupation significantly affected nutritional status, with children of laborers primarily falling within normal and underweight categories. Dietary habits like frequency of fast food and milk or dairy consumption showed notable associations with nutritional status. Psychosocial factors such as peer or teacher comments about weight and outdoor sports participation also influenced the students\' nutritional status. However, factors like family income, video game hours, and the presence of pets at home did not show significant associations with nutritional status. Conclusions The study illustrates a multi-faceted association between socioeconomic status, dietary habits, and BMI among schoolchildren in Multan, Pakistan, emphasizing the need for comprehensive interventions.
摘要：
巴基斯坦营养不良的双重负担（DBM）是影响上学儿童的日益关注的问题，以同一人群中营养不良和营养不良并存为标志。主要影响因素包括饮食习惯的转变，社会经济地位,以及快速城市化导致的生活方式变化。关注木尔坦，巴基斯坦,该研究旨在评估体重不足和超重学生的比例，同时确定与这种发病率相关的危险因素和社会人口统计学特征。目的是指导未来的健康干预措施，以应对这一多维健康挑战。材料与方法本研究,采用描述性横断面研究设计，通过访谈和人体测量从女青少年学生那里收集数据。从代表不同城市和农村环境的综合学校名单中随机选择了300名参与者。测量参与者的体重和身高以计算他们的体重指数(BMI)，将它们归类为体重不足，正常体重,和超重群体。通过访谈问卷收集相关危险因素。使用IBMSPSSStatisticsforWindows分析收集的数据，26.0版（2019年发布；IBMCorp.,Armonk,纽约,美国),结果根据社会经济分层，饮食，和社会心理因素，并在不同的体重类别中进行比较。结果该研究收集了300名学生的数据，揭示了社会经济地位之间的相关性，饮食习惯，BMI。父母的职业显著影响营养状况，劳动者的子女主要属于正常和体重不足的类别。诸如快餐和牛奶或乳制品消费的频率等饮食习惯与营养状况显着相关。同伴或老师对体重和户外运动参与的评论等心理社会因素也影响了学生的营养状况。然而,家庭收入等因素，视频游戏时间，宠物在家中的存在与营养状况没有显着关联。结论这项研究说明了社会经济地位之间的多方面联系，饮食习惯，木尔坦学童的体重指数，巴基斯坦,强调全面干预的必要性。
