Abstract：
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common and malignant tumor diagnosed in women, with 2.9 million cases in 2023 and the fifth highest cancer-causing mortality worldwide. Recent developments in targeted therapy options for BC have demonstrated the promising potential of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based cancer therapeutic approaches. As BC continues to be a global burden, siRNA therapy emerges as a potential treatment strategy to regulate disease-related genes in other types of cancers, including BC. siRNAs are tiny RNA molecules that, by preventing their expression, can specifically silence genes linked to the development of cancer. In order to increase the stability and effectiveness of siRNA delivery to BC cells, minimize off-target effects, and improve treatment efficacy, advanced delivery technologies such as lipid nanoparticles and nanocarriers have been created. Additionally, combination therapies, such as siRNAs that target multiple pathways are used in conjunction with conventional chemotherapy agents, have shown synergistic effects in various preclinical studies, opening up new treatment options for breast cancer that are personalized and precision medicine-oriented. Targeting important genes linked to BC growth, metastasis, and chemo-resistance has been reported in BC research using siRNA-based therapies. This study reviews recent reports on therapeutic approaches to siRNA for advanced treatment of BC. Furthermore, this review evaluates the role and mechanisms of siRNA in BC and demonstrates the potential of exploiting siRNA as a novel target for BC therapy.
摘要：
乳腺癌（BC）是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤，2023年有290万病例，全球第五高的癌症死亡率。针对BC的靶向治疗选择的最新发展已经证明了基于小干扰RNA(siRNA)的癌症治疗方法的有希望的潜力。随着不列颠哥伦比亚省继续成为全球负担，siRNA治疗成为调节其他类型癌症疾病相关基因的潜在治疗策略。包括BC。siRNA是微小的RNA分子，通过阻止他们的表达，可以专门沉默与癌症发展有关的基因。为了增加siRNA递送到BC细胞的稳定性和有效性，最小化脱靶效应，提高治疗效果，已经创建了先进的递送技术，如脂质纳米颗粒和纳米载体。此外,联合疗法,例如靶向多种途径的siRNA与常规化疗药物联合使用，在各种临床前研究中显示出协同作用，为乳腺癌开辟了个性化和精准医疗的新治疗方案。靶向与BC生长相关的重要基因，转移,并且在BC研究中已经报道了使用基于siRNA的疗法的化学抗性。本研究回顾了近年来关于siRNA治疗晚期BC的报道。此外，这篇综述评估了siRNA在BC中的作用和机制，并证明了利用siRNA作为BC治疗新靶点的潜力。
