PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Reduction-oxidation (redox) chemistry plays a vital role in human homeostasis. These reactions play critical roles in energy generation, as part of innate immunity, and in the generation of secondary messengers with various functions such as cell cycle progression or the release of neurotransmitters. Despite this cornerstone role, if left unchecked, the body can overproduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS). When these overwhelm endogenous antioxidant systems, oxidative stress (OS) occurs. In neonates, OS has been associated with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), leukomalacia, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Given its broad spectrum of effects, research has started to examine whether OS plays a role in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In this paper, we will discuss the basics of redox chemistry and how the human body keeps these in check. We will then discuss what happens when these go awry, focusing mostly on NEC in neonates.
摘要：
还原-氧化（氧化还原）化学在人体稳态中起着至关重要的作用。这些反应在能量产生中起着关键作用，作为先天免疫的一部分，以及产生具有各种功能的第二信使，例如细胞周期进程或神经递质的释放。尽管有这样的基石作用,如果不检查，身体可以过度产生活性氧（ROS）或活性氮（RNS）。当这些使内源性抗氧化系统不堪重负时，氧化应激(OS)发生。在新生儿中，OS与早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）有关，白质软化症,支气管肺发育不良（BPD）。鉴于其广泛的影响，研究已经开始检查OS是否在坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）中起作用。在本文中,我们将讨论氧化还原化学的基础知识以及人体如何控制这些。然后我们将讨论当这些出错时会发生什么，主要集中在新生儿的NEC。
