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Abstract：
This research aimed to study the long-term effects of soccer training on platelet membrane fatty acid levels and antioxidant vitamins. Forty-four subjects divided into soccer players (SP; n = 22; 20.86 ± 0.36 years) and a control group (CG; n = 22; 21.23 ± 0.49 years) participated in the study. The fatty acids of the platelet membrane, the rates of desaturation, lipid peroxidation indexes and intra-platelet levels of vitamins C and E were assessed. SP obtained lower values in polyunsaturated fatty acids 18:3:3 (alpha-linolenic acid), 20:5:3 (eicosapentaenoic acid) and 22:6:3 (docosahexaenoic acid) (p < 0.05). The desaturation index ∆5 was higher in SP (p < 0.05), and they had a higher lipid peroxidation index 20:4:6 (arachidonic acid)/16:0 (palmitic acid) (p < 0.05). Vitamin E and C platelet values were also higher in SP (p < 0.01). There were positive correlations in the ω6/ω3 index (p < 0.05), desaturation index ∆5 (p < 0.05), lipid peroxidation index 20:4:6/16:0 and intra-platelet vitamins E and C (p < 0.01) with the level of physical activity. In addition, there were inverse correlations in fatty acids 24:0 (lignoceric acid), 16:1 (palmitoleic acid), 20:3:6 (eicosadienoic acid) and 18:3:3 (alpha-linolenic acid) (p < 0.05) depending on the degree of physical activity. Regular long-term soccer training could modify the concentration of fatty acids such as 24:0, 16:1, 18:6, 20:3:6, 18:3:3:3, 20:5:3, 26:6:3 and ω3 PUFAs in the platelet membrane.
摘要：
本研究旨在研究足球训练对血小板膜脂肪酸水平和抗氧化维生素的长期影响。44名受试者分为足球运动员（SP；n=22；20.86±0.36岁）和对照组（CG；n=22；21.23±0.49岁）。血小板膜的脂肪酸，去饱和率，评估脂质过氧化指数和血小板内维生素C和E水平.SP在多不饱和脂肪酸18：3：3（α-亚麻酸）中获得较低的值，20:5:3(二十碳五烯酸)和22:6:3(二十二碳六烯酸)(p<0.05)。SP的去饱和指数Δ5较高（p<0.05），它们具有较高的脂质过氧化指数20：4：6（花生四烯酸）/16：0（棕榈酸）（p<0.05）。SP中维生素E和C的血小板值也较高（p<0.01）。ω6/ω3指数呈正相关(p<0.05)，去饱和指数Δ5(p<0.05)，脂质过氧化指数20：4：6/16：0和血小板内维生素E和C（p<0.01）与身体活动水平。此外,脂肪酸24:0(二十四酸)呈负相关，16:1（棕榈油酸），根据身体活动的程度,20:3:6(二十碳二烯酸)和18:3:3(α-亚麻酸)(p<0.05)。定期的长期足球训练可以改变脂肪酸的浓度，例如24：0、16：1、18：6、20：3：6、18：3：3、20：5：3、26：6：3血小板膜中的3和ω3PUFA。
