Abstract：
Individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) or bipolar disorder (BP) display cognitive impairments, while their first-degree relatives perform at an intermediate level between the patient groups and controls. However, the environmental impact of having an ill relative likely varies with the type of kinship and some studies suggest that offspring may be particularly disadvantaged. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between parent and child cognition in parents with SZ or BD and their 7-year-old offspring. A population-based cohort of 522 children (parental SZ, n = 202; parental BP, n = 120; controls, n = 200) and their parents underwent the same assessment battery covering a wide range of cognitive functions. We used Bayesian statistics to model performance. We found that performance on non-verbal tests was better in offspring than parents with SZ or BP, using the controls as reference. However, for verbal tests, there was little to no evidence for this pattern or even some evidence for the opposite in the BP group: relatively better performance in parents than offspring. The findings suggest that the offspring of parents with SZ or BP may be particularly disadvantaged in verbal abilities. Future studies will show whether this pattern persists throughout development.
摘要：
患有精神分裂症（SZ）或双相情感障碍（BP）的人表现出认知障碍，而他们的一级亲属表现在患者组和对照组之间的中等水平。然而,有一个生病的亲戚对环境的影响可能随着亲属关系的类型而变化，一些研究表明后代可能特别不利。本研究旨在调查SZ或BD父母及其7岁后代的父母与孩子认知之间的关系。以人口为基础的522名儿童队列(父母SZ，n=202；父母血压，n=120；控件，n=200），他们的父母接受了相同的评估，涵盖了广泛的认知功能。我们使用贝叶斯统计来建模性能。我们发现，非语言测试的表现在后代中比有SZ或BP的父母更好，使用控件作为参考。然而,口头测试，在BP组中，这种模式几乎没有证据，甚至没有相反的证据：父母的表现比后代更好。研究结果表明，患有SZ或BP的父母的后代在言语能力上可能特别不利。未来的研究将显示这种模式是否在整个开发过程中持续存在。
