Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Changes in the fatty infiltration and/or muscle volume of neck muscles can alter cervical spine alignment and cranial load distribution, which may cause pain in the orofacial region.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the muscle volume and fatty infiltration of neck muscles in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD).
METHODS: This case-control study included 18 patients with TMD and 18 ageand sex-matched controls. The muscle volume and fatty infiltration of the neck muscles of the participants were measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ITK-SNAP software. The 3D models of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), splenius capitis (SPLC), semispinalis cervicis (SC)-semispinalis capitis (SCP), and multifidus (M) muscles within the C3-C7 range were created using ITK-SNAP, a semi-automatic segmentation software. The models were used to determine the volumes and fatty infiltration levels. The Neck Disability Index (NDI) was used to assess neck pain-related disability. The severity of TMD was determined using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI), while jaw-related disability was measured with the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale-20 (JFLS-20). Pain levels were recorded at rest and during chewing using the numeric rating scale (NRS).
RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in total muscle volume, fatty infiltration volume and fatty infiltration percentage of the SCM, SPLC, SCP, SC, and M muscles between the 2 groups (p > 0.05). The patient group had higher NDI scores compared to the controls (p < 0.001). The NDI scores correlated positively with the JFLS-20 (r = 0.831, p < 0.001), FAI (r = 0.815, p < 0.001) and NRS scores at rest (r = 0.753, p < 0.001) and during chewing (r = 0.686, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The present study did not identify any significant differences in the neck muscle volume or fatty infiltration between the TMD patients and controls. However, the severity of neck disability was found to correlate with jaw function, pain and TMD levels.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the muscle volume and fatty infiltration of neck muscles in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD).
METHODS: This case-control study included 18 patients with TMD and 18 ageand sex-matched controls. The muscle volume and fatty infiltration of the neck muscles of the participants were measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ITK-SNAP software. The 3D models of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), splenius capitis (SPLC), semispinalis cervicis (SC)-semispinalis capitis (SCP), and multifidus (M) muscles within the C3-C7 range were created using ITK-SNAP, a semi-automatic segmentation software. The models were used to determine the volumes and fatty infiltration levels. The Neck Disability Index (NDI) was used to assess neck pain-related disability. The severity of TMD was determined using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI), while jaw-related disability was measured with the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale-20 (JFLS-20). Pain levels were recorded at rest and during chewing using the numeric rating scale (NRS).
RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in total muscle volume, fatty infiltration volume and fatty infiltration percentage of the SCM, SPLC, SCP, SC, and M muscles between the 2 groups (p > 0.05). The patient group had higher NDI scores compared to the controls (p < 0.001). The NDI scores correlated positively with the JFLS-20 (r = 0.831, p < 0.001), FAI (r = 0.815, p < 0.001) and NRS scores at rest (r = 0.753, p < 0.001) and during chewing (r = 0.686, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The present study did not identify any significant differences in the neck muscle volume or fatty infiltration between the TMD patients and controls. However, the severity of neck disability was found to correlate with jaw function, pain and TMD levels.
摘要：
背景：颈部肌肉脂肪浸润和/或肌肉体积的变化可以改变颈椎排列和颅骨负荷分布，这可能会导致口面区域的疼痛。
目的：这项研究的目的是检查颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）患者颈部肌肉的肌肉体积和脂肪浸润。
方法：本病例对照研究包括18例TMD患者和18例年龄和性别匹配的对照。使用磁共振成像（MRI）和ITK-SNAP软件测量参与者颈部肌肉的肌肉体积和脂肪浸润。胸锁乳突（SCM）的3D模型，脾炎（SPLC），颈半肌(SC)-长半肌(SCP),使用ITK-SNAP创建C3-C7范围内的多裂（M）肌肉，半自动分割软件。模型用于确定体积和脂肪浸润水平。颈部残疾指数（NDI）用于评估颈部疼痛相关的残疾。TMD的严重程度是使用Fonseca记忆指数（FAI）确定的，而颌骨相关残疾用颌骨功能限制量表-20(JFLS-20)测量。使用数字评定量表(NRS)记录休息时和咀嚼期间的疼痛水平。
结果：总肌肉体积无统计学差异，SCM的脂肪渗透量和脂肪渗透百分比，SPLC,SCP,SC,两组之间的M肌肉（p>0.05）。与对照组相比，患者组的NDI评分更高（p<0.001）。NDI评分与JFLS-20呈正相关(r=0.831,p<0.001),休息时(r=0.753,p<0.001)和咀嚼时(r=0.686,p<0.001)的FAI(r=0.815,p<0.001)和NRS评分。
结论：本研究未发现TMD患者和对照组之间颈部肌肉体积或脂肪浸润的任何显著差异。然而,颈部残疾的严重程度与下颌功能有关，疼痛和TMD水平。
目的：这项研究的目的是检查颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）患者颈部肌肉的肌肉体积和脂肪浸润。
方法：本病例对照研究包括18例TMD患者和18例年龄和性别匹配的对照。使用磁共振成像（MRI）和ITK-SNAP软件测量参与者颈部肌肉的肌肉体积和脂肪浸润。胸锁乳突（SCM）的3D模型，脾炎（SPLC），颈半肌(SC)-长半肌(SCP),使用ITK-SNAP创建C3-C7范围内的多裂（M）肌肉，半自动分割软件。模型用于确定体积和脂肪浸润水平。颈部残疾指数（NDI）用于评估颈部疼痛相关的残疾。TMD的严重程度是使用Fonseca记忆指数（FAI）确定的，而颌骨相关残疾用颌骨功能限制量表-20(JFLS-20)测量。使用数字评定量表(NRS)记录休息时和咀嚼期间的疼痛水平。
结果：总肌肉体积无统计学差异，SCM的脂肪渗透量和脂肪渗透百分比，SPLC,SCP,SC,两组之间的M肌肉（p>0.05）。与对照组相比，患者组的NDI评分更高（p<0.001）。NDI评分与JFLS-20呈正相关(r=0.831,p<0.001),休息时(r=0.753,p<0.001)和咀嚼时(r=0.686,p<0.001)的FAI(r=0.815,p<0.001)和NRS评分。
结论：本研究未发现TMD患者和对照组之间颈部肌肉体积或脂肪浸润的任何显著差异。然而,颈部残疾的严重程度与下颌功能有关，疼痛和TMD水平。
