METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Amhara regional state referral hospitals from January 1 to February 30, 2024, among 606 pregnant women. Pregnant women were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. An interviewer-administered questionnaire and chart review were used to collect data. Data were analyzed in SPSSV26.0. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the magnitude of co-infections, and binary logistic regression was used to determine associated factors. Variables with a P-value < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance.
RESULTS: Overall, 4.1% (95% CI: 2.7, 6.1) of pregnant women were co-infected. The prevalence of specific co-infections was 2% (95% CI: 1, 3.5) for HIV/HBV, 1.3% (95% CI: 0.6, 2.6) for HIV/syphilis, and 0.8% (95% CI: 0.3, 1.9) for HBV/syphilis. No cases of triple co-infection were observed. Women with a history of unsafe sex (AOR = 8.2, 95% CI: 1.5, 16.7) and incarceration (AOR = 9.3, 95% CI: 1.6, 20.8) were associated with HIV/syphilis co-infection. For HIV/HBV co-infection, contact with jaundice patients (AOR = 5.5, 95% CI: 1.3, 22.5) and women with a history of STIs (AOR = 4.6, 95% CI: 1.4, 14.9) was significantly associated. Women with STI history (AOR = 6.3, 95% CI: 1.2, 15.9) were also significantly associated with HBV/syphilis co-infection.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the government\'s elimination efforts, a relatively high prevalence of coinfections with the infections studied was found among pregnant women. Therefore, HIV, HBV, and syphilis testing and treatment packages should be strengthened by targeting pregnant women with a history of STIs, contact with patients with jaundice, a history of incarceration, and unsafe sex.
方法:于2024年1月1日至2月30日在阿姆哈拉地区州转诊医院对606名孕妇进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究。使用系统随机抽样技术选择孕妇。使用面试官管理的问卷和图表审查来收集数据。数据分析采用SPSSV26.0。描述性统计数据用于确定共感染的程度,并采用二元logistic回归确定相关因素。使用P值<0.05的变量来声明统计学意义。
结果:总体而言,4.1%(95%CI:2.7,6.1)的孕妇合并感染。特定共感染的患病率为2%(95%CI:1,3.5)的HIV/HBV,1.3%(95%CI:0.6,2.6)为HIV/梅毒,和0.8%(95%CI:0.3,1.9)为HBV/梅毒。没有观察到三重共感染的病例。有不安全性行为史(AOR=8.2,95%CI:1.5,16.7)和监禁史(AOR=9.3,95%CI:1.6,20.8)的女性与HIV/梅毒合并感染有关。对于HIV/HBV共感染,与黄疸患者(AOR=5.5,95%CI:1.3,22.5)和有性传播感染史的女性(AOR=4.6,95%CI:1.4,14.9)有显著相关性.有STI病史的女性(AOR=6.3,95%CI:1.2,15.9)也与HBV/梅毒合并感染显着相关。
结论:尽管政府努力消除,在孕妇中发现与所研究感染合并感染的患病率相对较高。因此,艾滋病毒,HBV,和梅毒检测和治疗方案应加强针对有性传播感染史的孕妇,接触黄疸患者,被监禁的历史,不安全的性行为。