Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Cognitive frailty (CF) has been defined as the simultaneous presence of physical frailty (PF) and subjective or objective cognitive impairment, with current definitions differentiating, respectively, between reversible and potentially reversible CF. The former is indicated by subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and the latter by Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Although CF is an emerging topic in the study of cognitive ageing, its relationship with cognitive reserve (CR) proxies have not been established.
METHODS: The prevalence of CF and the characterization of the sample in terms of its level of CR was studied in the second cohort of the Compostela Ageing Study (CompAS). 150 participants of the second follow-up of this cohort who completed the PF assessment were studied. The frailty phenotype was used to operationalize the level of PF of the participants. Weakness was measured by 3 measurements of the grip strength (GS) in the dominant hand. Slow gait speed was measured through a timed-up and go (TUG) task. Low physical activity was measured with the Spanish version of the Minnesota Physical Activity Questionnaire (VREM). MCI and SCD were diagnosed using the current criteria. The level of CR was established using the scores of the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq). Bivariate correlations were made between CRIq subscales scores and the results in GS, TUG and VREM.
RESULTS: A higher percentage of high CR was observed in participants without frailty, and a higher percentage of participants with medium level of CR showed pre-frailty (c2 = 27,96 p<.05). Significant moderate correlations were obtained between GS and CRI-q working activity (r = .47), and between TUG and CRI-q leisure time (r = -.35).
CONCLUSIONS: As expected for a risk factor for dementia, there were significant relationships between CF and several domains of CR. Future longitudinal analysis should analyze the capacity of the CR to attenuate or delay the onset of cognitive frailty.
METHODS: The prevalence of CF and the characterization of the sample in terms of its level of CR was studied in the second cohort of the Compostela Ageing Study (CompAS). 150 participants of the second follow-up of this cohort who completed the PF assessment were studied. The frailty phenotype was used to operationalize the level of PF of the participants. Weakness was measured by 3 measurements of the grip strength (GS) in the dominant hand. Slow gait speed was measured through a timed-up and go (TUG) task. Low physical activity was measured with the Spanish version of the Minnesota Physical Activity Questionnaire (VREM). MCI and SCD were diagnosed using the current criteria. The level of CR was established using the scores of the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq). Bivariate correlations were made between CRIq subscales scores and the results in GS, TUG and VREM.
RESULTS: A higher percentage of high CR was observed in participants without frailty, and a higher percentage of participants with medium level of CR showed pre-frailty (c2 = 27,96 p<.05). Significant moderate correlations were obtained between GS and CRI-q working activity (r = .47), and between TUG and CRI-q leisure time (r = -.35).
CONCLUSIONS: As expected for a risk factor for dementia, there were significant relationships between CF and several domains of CR. Future longitudinal analysis should analyze the capacity of the CR to attenuate or delay the onset of cognitive frailty.
摘要：
背景：认知虚弱（CF）已被定义为同时存在身体虚弱（PF）和主观或客观认知障碍，与当前的定义不同，分别,在可逆和潜在可逆CF之间。前者表现为主观认知功能减退(SCD),后者表现为轻度认知功能减退(MCI)。尽管CF是认知衰老研究中的一个新兴主题，其与认知储备（CR）代理的关系尚未确定。
方法：在Compostela老龄化研究（CompAS）的第二个队列中研究了CF的患病率和样本在CR水平方面的特征。研究了完成PF评估的该队列第二次随访的150名参与者。脆弱表型用于操作参与者的PF水平。通过对惯用手的握力(GS)的3次测量来测量弱点。通过定时和前进（TUG）任务测量缓慢的步态速度。使用西班牙语版的明尼苏达州体力活动问卷（VREM）测量低体力活动。使用当前标准诊断MCI和SCD。使用认知储备指数问卷（CRIq）的得分确定CR水平。CRIq分量表评分与GS结果之间存在双变量相关性，TUG和VREM。
结果：在没有虚弱的参与者中观察到较高的高CR百分比，具有中等CR水平的参与者中有较高的百分比表现出预虚弱（c2=27,96p<.05）。GS和CRI-q工作活动之间获得了显著的中等相关性(r=0.47)，在TUG和CRI-q休闲时间之间(r=-.35)。
结论：正如预期的痴呆危险因素，CF与CR的几个域之间存在显着关系。未来的纵向分析应分析CR减轻或延迟认知虚弱发作的能力。
方法：在Compostela老龄化研究（CompAS）的第二个队列中研究了CF的患病率和样本在CR水平方面的特征。研究了完成PF评估的该队列第二次随访的150名参与者。脆弱表型用于操作参与者的PF水平。通过对惯用手的握力(GS)的3次测量来测量弱点。通过定时和前进（TUG）任务测量缓慢的步态速度。使用西班牙语版的明尼苏达州体力活动问卷（VREM）测量低体力活动。使用当前标准诊断MCI和SCD。使用认知储备指数问卷（CRIq）的得分确定CR水平。CRIq分量表评分与GS结果之间存在双变量相关性，TUG和VREM。
结果：在没有虚弱的参与者中观察到较高的高CR百分比，具有中等CR水平的参与者中有较高的百分比表现出预虚弱（c2=27,96p<.05）。GS和CRI-q工作活动之间获得了显著的中等相关性(r=0.47)，在TUG和CRI-q休闲时间之间(r=-.35)。
结论：正如预期的痴呆危险因素，CF与CR的几个域之间存在显着关系。未来的纵向分析应分析CR减轻或延迟认知虚弱发作的能力。
