PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and periodontitis share common risk factors such as obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and dyslipidemia, which contribute to systemic inflammation. It has been suggested that a bidirectional relationship exists between NAFLD and periodontitis, indicating that one condition may exacerbate the other. NAFLD is characterized by excessive fat deposition in the liver and is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. There are several risk factors for the development of NAFLD, including gender, geriatric community, race, ethnicity, poor sleep quality and sleep deprivation, physical activity, nutritional status, dysbiosis gut microbiota, increased oxidative stress, overweight, obesity, higher body mass index (BMI), IR, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), metabolic syndrome (MetS), dyslipidemia (hypercholesterolemia), and sarcopenia (decreased skeletal muscle mass). This systemic inflammation can contribute to the progression of periodontitis by impairing immune responses and exacerbating the inflammatory processes in the periodontal tissues. Furthermore, individuals with NAFLD often exhibit altered lipid metabolism, which may affect oral microbiota composition, leading to dysbiosis and increased susceptibility to periodontal disease. Conversely, periodontitis has been linked to the progression of NAFLD through mechanisms involving systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Chronic periodontal inflammation can release pro-inflammatory cytokines and bacterial toxins into the bloodstream, contributing to liver inflammation and exacerbating hepatic steatosis. Moreover, periodontitis-induced oxidative stress may promote hepatic lipid accumulation and IR, further aggravating NAFLD. The interplay between NAFLD and periodontitis underscores the importance of comprehensive management strategies targeting both conditions. Lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, and proper oral hygiene practices are crucial for preventing and managing these interconnected diseases. Additionally, interdisciplinary collaboration between hepatologists and periodontists is essential for optimizing patient care and improving outcomes in individuals with NAFLD and periodontitis.
摘要：
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）和牙周炎有共同的风险因素，如肥胖，胰岛素抵抗（IR），和血脂异常，这有助于全身性炎症。有人提出NAFLD和牙周炎之间存在双向关系，表明一种情况可能会加剧另一种情况。NAFLD的特征在于肝脏中过多的脂肪沉积,并且与低度慢性炎症相关。NAFLD的发展有几个危险因素，包括性别,老年社区，种族,种族,睡眠质量差和睡眠不足，身体活动,营养状况,生态失调肠道微生物群，氧化应激增加，超重,肥胖，较高的体重指数（BMI），IR,2型糖尿病（T2DM），代谢综合征（MetS），血脂异常（高胆固醇血症），和肌肉减少症（骨骼肌质量减少）。这种全身性炎症可以通过损害免疫反应和加剧牙周组织中的炎症过程来促进牙周炎的进展。此外，患有NAFLD的个体通常表现出改变的脂质代谢，这可能会影响口腔微生物群的组成，导致菌群失调和对牙周病的易感性增加。相反，牙周炎通过涉及全身性炎症和氧化应激的机制与NAFLD的进展有关.慢性牙周炎症可以释放促炎细胞因子和细菌毒素进入血液，有助于肝脏炎症和加剧肝脏脂肪变性。此外，牙周炎引起的氧化应激可能促进肝脏脂质积累和IR,进一步加重NAFLD。NAFLD和牙周炎之间的相互作用强调了针对这两种疾病的综合管理策略的重要性。生活方式的改变，如定期锻炼，健康的饮食,适当的口腔卫生习惯对于预防和管理这些相互关联的疾病至关重要。此外,肝病学家和牙周病学家之间的跨学科合作对于优化患者护理和改善NAFLD和牙周炎患者的预后至关重要。
