Abstract：
Tunchang pigs, mainly distributed throughout Hainan Province of China, are well-known for their superior meat quality, crude feed tolerance, and adaptability to high temperatures and humidity. Runs of homozygosity (ROH) can provide valuable information about the inbreeding coefficient in individuals and selection signals that may reveal candidate genes associated with key functional traits. Runs of heterozygosity (ROHet) are commonly associated with balance selection, which can help us understand the adaptive evolutionary history of domestic animals. In this study, we investigated ROHs and ROHets in 88 Tunchang pigs. We also compared the estimates of inbreeding coefficients in individuals calculated based on four methods. In summary, we detected a total of 16 ROH islands in our study, and 100 genes were found within ROH regions. These genes were correlated with economically important traits such as reproduction (e.g., SERPIND1, HIRA), meat quality (e.g., PI4KA, TBX1), immunity (e.g., ESS2, RANBP1), adaption to heat stress (TXNRD2 and DGCR8), and crude food tolerance (TRPM6). Moreover, we discovered 18 ROHet islands harbouring genes associated with reproduction (e.g., ARHGEF12, BMPR2), immune system (e.g., BRD4, DNMT3B). These findings may help us design effective breeding and conservation strategies for this unique breed.
摘要：
屯昌猪,主要分布在中国海南省，以其卓越的肉质而闻名，粗饲料耐受性，和对高温和湿度的适应性。纯合性（ROH）的运行可以提供有关个体近交系数的有价值的信息，以及可能揭示与关键功能性状相关的候选基因的选择信号。杂合性（ROHet）的运行通常与平衡选择有关，这可以帮助我们了解家畜的适应性进化史。在这项研究中,我们调查了88头屯昌猪的ROHs和ROHts。我们还比较了基于四种方法计算的个体近亲繁殖系数的估计值。总之,我们在研究中发现了16个ROH岛，在ROH区域内发现了100个基因。这些基因与经济上重要的性状相关，如繁殖(例如，SERPIND1,HIRA),肉质(例如，PI4KA,TBX1),豁免权(例如，ESS2,RANBP1),适应热应激（TXNRD2和DGCR8），和粗粮耐受性（TRPM6）。此外，我们发现了18个含有与生殖相关基因的ROHet岛(例如，ARHGEF12,BMPR2),免疫系统(例如，BRD4,DNMT3B)。这些发现可能有助于我们为这种独特的品种设计有效的育种和保护策略。
