Abstract：
Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder affecting hundreds of thousands of people worldwide. This article will focus on the most common and dangerous acute complications to sickle cell disease. Vaso-occlusive crisis is the most common manifestation of sickle cell disease. Rapid pain relief and treating the underlying cause are cornerstones of the treatment. Acute chest syndrome is the most common cause for intensive care unit admission and death among adult patients with sickle cell disease. The condition is treated as vaso-occlusive crises, but patients often need blood transfusions and respiratory support. Patients with sickle cell disease have an increased risk of stroke. Treatment follows the usual guidelines for stroke with the addition of blood- or exchange transfusions. Splenic sequestration is a rare but acute and life-threatening complication, most commonly seen in children. The condition can quickly lead to hypovolemic shock and the treatment aims to maintain adequate circulation and to treat the underlying cause.
摘要：
镰状细胞病是一种影响全球数十万人的遗传疾病。本文将重点介绍镰状细胞病最常见和最危险的急性并发症。血管闭塞危象是镰状细胞病最常见的表现。快速缓解疼痛和治疗根本原因是治疗的基石。急性胸部综合征是镰状细胞病成年患者重症监护病房入院和死亡的最常见原因。这种情况被视为血管闭塞危机，但患者往往需要输血和呼吸支持。镰状细胞病患者中风的风险增加。治疗遵循通常的中风指南，增加血液或交换输血。脾隔离症是一种罕见但危及生命的急性并发症,最常见于儿童。这种情况可以迅速导致低血容量性休克，治疗旨在保持足够的循环并治疗根本原因。
