Abstract：
The role of nociceptive nerves in modulating immune responses to harmful stimuli via pain or itch induction remains controversial. Compared to conventional surgery, various implant surgeries are more prone to infections even with low bacterial loads. In this study, an optogenetic technique is introduced for selectively activating peripheral nociceptive nerves using a fully implantable, wirelessly rechargeable optogenetic device. By targeting nociceptors in the limbs of awake, freely moving mice, it is found that activation induces anticipatory immunity in the innervated territory and enhances the adhesion of various host cells to the implant surface. This effect mediates acute immune cell-mediated killing of Staphylococcus aureus on implants and enables the host to win \"implant surface competition\" against Staphylococcus aureus. This finding provides new strategies for preventing and treating implant-associated infections.
摘要：
伤害性神经在通过疼痛或瘙痒诱导调节对有害刺激的免疫反应中的作用仍存在争议。与传统手术相比，即使细菌负荷较低，各种植入物手术也更容易感染。在这项研究中,引入光遗传学技术，使用完全可植入的方法选择性激活外周伤害性神经，无线可充电光遗传学装置。通过瞄准清醒四肢的伤害感受器，自由移动的老鼠，发现激活诱导神经支配区域的预期免疫并增强各种宿主细胞对植入物表面的粘附。这种作用介导了急性免疫细胞介导的对植入物上金黄色葡萄球菌的杀伤，并使宿主能够赢得针对金黄色葡萄球菌的“植入物表面竞争”。这一发现为预防和治疗植入物相关感染提供了新的策略。
