Abstract：
A considerable proportion of the eukaryotic genome undergoes transcription, leading to the generation of noncoding RNA molecules that lack protein-coding information and are not subjected to translation. These noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are well recognized to have essential roles in several biological processes. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent the most extensive category of ncRNAs found in the human genome. Much research has focused on investigating the roles of cis-acting lncRNAs in the regulation of specific target gene expression. In the majority of instances, the regulation of sense gene expression by its corresponding antisense pair occurs in a negative (discordant) manner, resulting in the suppression of the target genes. The notion that a negative correlation exists between sense and antisense pairings is, however, not universally valid. In fact, several recent studies have reported a positive relationship between corresponding cis antisense pairs within plants, budding yeast, and mammalian cancer cells. The positive (concordant) correlation between anti-sense and sense transcripts leads to an increase in the level of the sense transcript within the same genomic loci. In addition, mechanisms such as altering chromatin structure, the formation of R loops, and the recruitment of transcription factors can either enhance transcription or stabilize sense transcripts through their antisense pairs. The primary objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive understanding of both aspects of antisense regulation, specifically focusing on the positive correlation between sense and antisense transcripts in the context of eukaryotic gene expression, including its implications towards cancer progression. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > 3\' End Processing Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs.
摘要：
相当比例的真核基因组经历转录，导致产生缺乏蛋白质编码信息且不进行翻译的非编码RNA分子。这些非编码RNA（ncRNAs）被公认为在几种生物过程中具有重要作用。长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）代表了人类基因组中发现的最广泛的ncRNA类别。许多研究集中在研究顺式作用lncRNAs在特定靶基因表达调控中的作用。在大多数情况下,其相应的反义对对有义基因表达的调节以阴性（不一致）方式发生，导致靶基因的抑制。有义和反义配对之间存在负相关的概念是，然而,不是普遍有效的。事实上,最近的几项研究报道了植物内相应的顺式反义对之间的正相关关系，出芽酵母,和哺乳动物癌细胞。反义和有义转录物之间的正(一致)相关性导致相同基因组基因座内有义转录物水平的增加。此外,改变染色质结构等机制，R环的形成,转录因子的募集可以通过其反义对增强转录或稳定有义转录本。这项工作的主要目的是全面了解反义调控的两个方面，特别关注真核基因表达背景下有义和反义转录物之间的正相关，包括它对癌症进展的影响。本文分为：RNA加工>3'末端加工调控RNA/RNAi/核糖开关>调控RNA。
