Abstract：
The growing co-consumption of botanical natural products with conventional medications has intensified the need to understand potential effects on drug safety and efficacy. This review delves into the intricacies of intestinal pharmacokinetic interactions between botanical natural products and drugs, such as alterations in drug solubility, permeability, transporter activity, and enzyme-mediated metabolism. It emphasizes the importance of understanding how drug solubility, dissolution, and osmolality interplay with botanical constituents in the gastrointestinal tract, potentially altering drug absorption and systemic exposure. Unlike reviews that focus primarily on enzyme and transporter mechanisms, this article highlights the lesser known but equally important mechanisms of interaction. Applying the Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) can serve as a framework for predicting and understanding these interactions. Through a comprehensive examination of specific botanical natural products such as byakkokaninjinto, green tea catechins, goldenseal, spinach extract, and quercetin, we illustrate the diversity of these interactions and their dependence on the physicochemical properties of the drug and the botanical constituents involved. This understanding is vital for healthcare professionals to effectively anticipate and manage potential natural product-drug interactions, ensuring optimal patient therapeutic outcomes. By exploring these emerging mechanisms, we aim to broaden the scope of natural product-drug interaction research and encourage comprehensive studies to better elucidate complex mechanisms.
摘要：
植物天然产物与常规药物的共同消费日益增加，这加剧了人们对了解药物安全性和有效性的潜在影响的需求。这篇综述深入研究了植物天然产物与药物之间的肠道药代动力学相互作用的复杂性，例如药物溶解度的改变，渗透性,转运活动，和酶介导的代谢。它强调了了解药物溶解度的重要性，溶出度,和渗透压与胃肠道中的植物成分相互作用，可能改变药物吸收和全身暴露。与主要关注酶和转运蛋白机制的评论不同，这篇文章强调了鲜为人知但同样重要的相互作用机制。应用生物制药药物处置分类系统（BDDCS）可以作为预测和理解这些相互作用的框架。通过全面检查特定的植物天然产物，如byakkokaninjinto，绿茶儿茶素，goldenseal,菠菜提取物，还有槲皮素,我们说明了这些相互作用的多样性以及它们对药物的理化性质和所涉及的植物成分的依赖性。这种理解对于医疗保健专业人员有效预测和管理潜在的天然产物-药物相互作用至关重要。确保最佳的患者治疗结果。通过探索这些新兴的机制，我们的目标是扩大天然产物-药物相互作用研究的范围，并鼓励全面的研究，以更好地阐明复杂的机制。
