Abstract：
Striated muscle cells, encompassing cardiac myocytes and skeletal muscle fibers, are fundamental to athletic performance, facilitating blood circulation and coordinated movement through contraction. Despite their distinct functional roles, these muscle types exhibit similarities in cytoarchitecture, protein expression, and excitation-contraction coupling. Both muscle types also undergo molecular remodeling in energy metabolism and cell size in response to acute and repeated exercise stimuli to enhance exercise performance. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidase (NOX) isoforms 2 and 4 have emerged as signaling molecules that regulate exercise adaptations. This review systematically compares NOX2 and NOX4 expression, regulation, and roles in cardiac and skeletal muscle responses across exercise modalities. We highlight the many gaps in our knowledge and opportunities to let future skeletal muscle research into NOX-dependent mechanisms be inspired by cardiac muscle studies and vice versa. Understanding these processes could enhance the development of exercise routines to optimize human performance and health strategies that capitalize on the advantages of physical activity.
摘要：
横纹肌细胞,包括心肌细胞和骨骼肌纤维，是运动表现的基础，通过收缩促进血液循环和协调运动。尽管它们的功能不同，这些肌肉类型在细胞结构上表现出相似性，蛋白质表达，和激励-收缩耦合。两种肌肉类型也会在能量代谢和细胞大小方面经历分子重塑，以响应急性和重复的运动刺激，以增强运动表现。由NADPH氧化酶（NOX）亚型2和4产生的活性氧（ROS）已成为调节运动适应的信号分子。本文系统地比较了NOX2和NOX4的表达，regulation,以及在不同运动方式的心脏和骨骼肌反应中的作用。我们强调了我们的知识和机会中的许多差距，让未来的骨骼肌研究进入NOX依赖性机制受到心肌研究的启发，反之亦然。了解这些过程可以促进锻炼程序的发展，以优化人类的表现和健康策略，从而利用身体活动的优势。
