METHODS: A comparative cross-sectional study design was conducted in Al-Maghrabah and Bani-Qais districts, Hajjah governorate. It was carried out between January and April 2023. A three-stage cluster sampling method was used. A total of 926 IYC with their mothers were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire. SPSS 26 was used for data analysis. The multinomial logistic regression and chi-square or fisher exact tests were used to compare the vaccination, morbidity and nutritional status of IYC between the volunteer and non-volunteer villages. Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were calculated. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: The IYC in volunteer villages were more likely to be fully or partially vaccinated compared to those in non-volunteer villages [OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.5-3.7, p < 0.0001, and OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3-2.8, p = 0.001, respectively]. The specific coverage rates for BCG, and the 1st and 2nd doses of OPV/Pentavalent/Pneumo/Rota vaccines were significantly higher in the volunteer compared to non-volunteer villages [(OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.5, p < 0.0001), (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2-2.1, p = 0.003), and (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2-2.0, p = 0.002), respectively]. Moreover, the prevalence of diarrhea and fever among IYC was significantly lower in the volunteer compared to non-volunteer villages [(OR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.5-0.9, p = 0.004) and (OR = 0.7 95% CI: 0.5-0.9, p = 0.045), respectively].
CONCLUSIONS: The study found that CHNVs play a significant role in improving vaccination status and the coverage rate for BCG, and 1st and 2nd doses of OPV/Pentavalent/Pneumo/Rota vaccines, and reducing the prevalence of diarrhea and fever among IYC in their villages compared to non-volunteer villages, in Hajjah governorate. Future follow-up study and expansion to other settings in different governorates is recommended.
方法:在Al-Maghrabah和Bani-Qais地区进行了比较横断面研究设计,Hajjah省。它是在2023年1月至4月之间进行的。采用三阶段整群抽样方法。使用预先测试的问卷对926名IYC与母亲进行了访谈。采用SPSS26进行数据分析。使用多项逻辑回归和卡方或费希尔精确检验来比较疫苗接种,志愿者和非志愿者村庄之间IYC的发病率和营养状况。计算95%置信区间(CI)的赔率比(OR)。P值<0.05被认为是统计学上显著的。
结果:与非志愿者村庄相比,志愿者村庄的IYC更有可能完全或部分接种疫苗[OR=2.3,95%CI:1.5-3.7,p<0.0001和OR=1.9,95%CI:1.3-2.8,p=0.001,分别]。BCG的具体覆盖率,和第一和第二剂量的OPV/五价/肺炎/Rota疫苗在志愿者中明显高于非志愿者村庄[(OR=1.8,95%CI:1.3-2.5,p<0.0001),(OR=1.5,95%CI:1.2-2.1,p=0.003),和(OR=1.5,95%CI:1.2-2.0,p=0.002),分别]。此外,与非志愿者村庄相比,IYC的腹泻和发烧患病率显着降低[(OR=0.7,95%CI:0.5-0.9,p=0.004)和(OR=0.795%CI:0.5-0.9,p=0.045),分别]。
结论:该研究发现,CHNVs在改善疫苗接种状况和卡介苗覆盖率方面发挥着重要作用,以及第一剂和第二剂OPV/五价/肺炎/Rota疫苗,与非志愿者村庄相比,IYC村庄的腹泻和发烧患病率降低,在Hajjah省。建议将来进行后续研究,并将其扩展到不同省份的其他环境。