PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Speech sound disorder (SSD) is one of the most common communication disorders in children, which must be diagnosed and treated in childhood to prevent its negative psychological, occupational, and social consequences in adulthood. The use of serious games is one technology that could help treat SSD. This study aims to design and evaluate the usability of a digital game for 3-6-year-old children. This developmental study was carried out in three main stages: determining information requirements, designing and developing a digital game, and evaluating the usability of the designed game. In the first stage, the consonants, syllables, words, and sentences that should be used in the game were determined through focus group sessions and a questionnaire completed by 30 speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in two Delphi rounds. In the designing and developing stage, the game design document was first written, and then sketches and wireframes were drawn based on this document. Then, the game was developed in the second phase using Java programming language. In the third stage, the usability of the designed game was evaluated by six experts and 22 SLPs using Nielsen\'s usability heuristics and the Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ), respectively. Also, the usability of the game was evaluated by ten children. To determine the information requirements, SLPs confirmed 23 consonants, 138 syllables, 564 words, and 69 sentences to teach children the game. According to Nielsen\'s usability heuristics, the designed game had 23 unique usability problems with a mean severity of 2.29. \"User control and freedom,\" with five usability problems, was the most frequently identified problem, and \"error prevention,\" with a mean severity of 3.83, was the most severe problem. The results of the SLPs\' evaluation also showed that the \"interface quality\" of the designed game obtained the highest score, with a mean score of 6.25 out of 7. Also, 100% of children stated that the game was designed beautifully, and 90% of children also liked the game. A serious game designed for children with SSDs achieved satisfactory results in usability evaluation. Therefore, this smartphone-based game can be easily used among these children to provide fun therapy sessions under the supervision of parents.
摘要：
语音障碍（SSD）是儿童最常见的沟通障碍之一，必须在儿童时期进行诊断和治疗，以防止其负面心理，职业,以及成年后的社会后果。使用严肃的游戏是一种可以帮助治疗SSD的技术。这项研究旨在为3-6岁的儿童设计和评估数字游戏的可用性。这项发展研究分三个主要阶段进行：确定信息需求，设计和开发数字游戏，并评估所设计游戏的可用性。在第一阶段,辅音,音节,单词,通过焦点小组会议和由30名言语病理学家（SLP）在两次Delphi回合中完成的问卷调查来确定游戏中应该使用的句子。在设计和开发阶段，游戏设计文件是第一次写的，然后根据此文档绘制草图和线框。然后，游戏在第二阶段使用Java编程语言开发。第三阶段,设计的游戏的可用性由6位专家和22个SLP使用尼尔森的可用性启发式和研究后系统可用性问卷（PSSUQ）进行评估，分别。此外，十个孩子对游戏的可用性进行了评估。为了确定信息需求，SLP确认了23个辅音，138个音节,564字和69个句子教孩子游戏。根据尼尔森的可用性启发式方法，设计的游戏有23个独特的可用性问题，平均严重性为2.29。\"用户控制和自由，\"有五个可用性问题，是最常见的问题，和“错误预防”，平均严重程度为3.83，是最严重的问题。SLPs的评估结果还表明，所设计游戏的“界面质量”得分最高，7分的平均得分为6.25分。此外，100％的孩子说游戏设计精美，90%的孩子也喜欢这个游戏。为具有SSD的儿童设计的严肃游戏在可用性评估中取得了令人满意的结果。因此,这种基于智能手机的游戏可以很容易地在这些孩子中使用，在父母的监督下提供有趣的治疗课程。
