Abstract：
The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of the prawn Palaemon argentinus to the pyrethroid cypermethrin (CYP) and the tetramic acid spirotetramat (STM). These treatments were compared with prawns collected at a reference site to define their basal physiological state. Initially, physicochemical parameters and several pollutants at the selected site were analyzed. The LC50-96 h was determined in adult prawns. Then, prawns were exposed for 96 h to sublethal concentrations of CYP (0.0005 μg/l) and STM (0.44 mg/l) to evaluate the effects on some biochemical endpoints. A treatment combining both pesticides was also added at 5 % of these values. Controls with and without solvent (acetone) were included. The LC50-96 h values were 0.005 μg/l and 4.43 mg/l for CYP and STM, respectively. Moreover, some biomarkers linked to oxidative and energy metabolism were analyzed in the hepatopancreas and muscle of both essayed prawns and those at the basal state. The STM caused a significant decrease in total protein content (32 %) in contrast to the increase of protein carbonyl content (71 %) (p < 0.05). Also, glutathione S-transferase (52 %) and catalase (61 %) activities in the hepatopancreas of exposed prawns were higher compared to both the control and state basal groups (p < 0.05). In muscle, only a significant decrease in the lactate content (69 %) was caused by STM (p < 0.05). In addition, CYP caused a significant increase in the lactate dehydrogenase activity (110 %) in muscle and triacylglycerol content (73 %) in the hepatopancreas (p < 0.05). The integrated biomarker index (IBRv2) analysis showed that STM caused greater damage than CYP. Besides, the combined treatment showed an antagonistic interaction between both insecticides. The differential response of biomarkers to both CYP and STM exposure with respect to their basal levels shows a high sensitivity of P. argentinus demonstrating its potential role as a bioindicator organism.
摘要：
这项研究的目的是评估对虾PalaemonArgentinus对拟除虫菊酯氯氰菊酯（CYP）和四胺酸螺胺（STM）的敏感性。将这些处理与在参考位点收集的虾进行比较，以定义其基础生理状态。最初，对选定地点的理化参数和几种污染物进行了分析。在成年对虾中测定了LC50-96小时。然后，对虾暴露于亚致死浓度的CYP（0.0005μg/l）和STM（0.44mg/l）96小时，以评估对某些生化终点的影响。组合两种农药的处理也以这些值的5%添加。包括有和没有溶剂(丙酮)的对照。CYP和STM的LC50-96h值分别为0.005μg/l和4.43mg/l，分别。此外，分析了一些与氧化和能量代谢相关的生物标志物在肝胰腺和肌肉中的对虾和基础状态。与蛋白质羰基含量（71％）的增加相反，STM导致总蛋白质含量（32％）的显着降低（p<0.05）。此外，与对照组和基础组相比，暴露虾的肝胰腺中的谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（52％）和过氧化氢酶（61％）活性更高（p<0.05）。在肌肉中，仅乳酸含量显着下降（69％）是由STM引起的（p<0.05）。此外,CYP导致肌肉中的乳酸脱氢酶活性（110％）和肝胰腺中的三酰甘油含量（73％）显着增加（p<0.05）。综合生物标志物指数（IBRv2）分析表明，STM比CYP造成更大的损伤。此外,联合处理显示两种杀虫剂之间的拮抗相互作用。生物标志物对CYP和STM暴露相对于其基础水平的差异反应显示了阿根廷青霉的高灵敏度，表明其作为生物指示生物的潜在作用。
