Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: We report the chances of 14-year-old males becoming victims of firearm injury or death before age 25 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
METHODS: Using life table methods, we followed 4,501 Black males aged 14 years, and a comparison group of 1,751 White males, over 11 years.
RESULTS: Among 14-year-old Black males, the risk of a nonfatal firearm injury before age 25 was 10.1% (95% confidence interval, 9.2%-11.0%), the risk of death from firearms was 2.5% (1.7%-3.2%), and the combined risk was 12.5% (11.0%-14.1%). Among White males, the risk of nonfatal firearm injury was 0.8% (0.3%-1.2%), the risk of death was 0.3% (0.02%-0.5%), and the combined risk was 1.0% (0.5%-1.5%).
CONCLUSIONS: Risk estimates reveal the dire likelihood of firearm injury or death among Black adolescent males in Philadelphia. Immediate interventions are needed to de-escalate conflicts, provide supports, and address the upstream causes of violence like poverty and structural racism.
METHODS: Using life table methods, we followed 4,501 Black males aged 14 years, and a comparison group of 1,751 White males, over 11 years.
RESULTS: Among 14-year-old Black males, the risk of a nonfatal firearm injury before age 25 was 10.1% (95% confidence interval, 9.2%-11.0%), the risk of death from firearms was 2.5% (1.7%-3.2%), and the combined risk was 12.5% (11.0%-14.1%). Among White males, the risk of nonfatal firearm injury was 0.8% (0.3%-1.2%), the risk of death was 0.3% (0.02%-0.5%), and the combined risk was 1.0% (0.5%-1.5%).
CONCLUSIONS: Risk estimates reveal the dire likelihood of firearm injury or death among Black adolescent males in Philadelphia. Immediate interventions are needed to de-escalate conflicts, provide supports, and address the upstream causes of violence like poverty and structural racism.
摘要：
目标：我们报告了费城14岁男性在25岁之前成为枪支伤害或死亡受害者的可能性，宾夕法尼亚。
方法：使用生命表方法，我们追踪了4,501名14岁的黑人男性，和一组1,751名白人男性，超过11年。
结果：在14岁的黑人男性中，25岁之前发生非致命性火器损伤的风险为10.1%(95%置信区间,9.2%-11.0%），枪支死亡的风险为2.5%(1.7%-3.2%)，综合风险为12.5%（11.0%-14.1%）。在白人男性中，非致命枪支伤害的风险为0.8%(0.3%-1.2%)，死亡风险为0.3%(0.02%-0.5%)，综合风险为1.0%（0.5%-1.5%）。
结论：风险估计揭示了费城黑人青少年男性枪支伤害或死亡的可能性。需要立即干预以缓和冲突，提供支持,并解决暴力的上游原因，如贫困和结构性种族主义。
方法：使用生命表方法，我们追踪了4,501名14岁的黑人男性，和一组1,751名白人男性，超过11年。
结果：在14岁的黑人男性中，25岁之前发生非致命性火器损伤的风险为10.1%(95%置信区间,9.2%-11.0%），枪支死亡的风险为2.5%(1.7%-3.2%)，综合风险为12.5%（11.0%-14.1%）。在白人男性中，非致命枪支伤害的风险为0.8%(0.3%-1.2%)，死亡风险为0.3%(0.02%-0.5%)，综合风险为1.0%（0.5%-1.5%）。
结论：风险估计揭示了费城黑人青少年男性枪支伤害或死亡的可能性。需要立即干预以缓和冲突，提供支持,并解决暴力的上游原因，如贫困和结构性种族主义。
