PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Rift Valley fever (RVF), a mosquito-borne transboundary zoonosis, was first confirmed in Rwanda\'s livestock in 2012 and since then sporadic cases have been reported almost every year. In 2018, the country experienced its first large outbreak, which was followed by a second one in 2022. To determine the circulating virus lineages and their ancestral origin, two genome sequences from the 2018 outbreak, and thirty-six, forty-one, and thirty-eight sequences of small (S), medium (M), and large (L) genome segments, respectively, from the 2022 outbreak were generated. All of the samples from the 2022 outbreak were collected from slaughterhouses. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian-based phylogenetic analyses were performed. The findings showed that RVF viruses belonging to a single lineage, C, were circulating during the two outbreaks, and shared a recent common ancestor with RVF viruses isolated in Uganda between 2016 and 2019, and were also linked to the 2006/2007 largest East Africa RVF outbreak reported in Kenya, Tanzania, and Somalia. Alongside the wild-type viruses, genetic evidence of the RVFV Clone 13 vaccine strain was found in slaughterhouse animals, demonstrating a possible occupational risk of exposure with unknown outcome for people working in meat-related industry. These results provide additional evidence of the ongoing wide spread of RVFV lineage C in Africa and emphasize the need for an effective national and international One Health-based collaborative approach in responding to RVF emergencies.
摘要：
裂谷热（RVF），蚊媒跨界人畜共患病,2012年在卢旺达的牲畜中首次被证实，此后几乎每年都有零星病例报告。2018年，我国经历了第一次大疫情，紧随其后的是2022年的第二次。为了确定循环病毒谱系及其祖先起源，2018年爆发的两个基因组序列，三十六，41,和38个小序列(S)，中等(M),和大(L)基因组片段，分别,从2022年爆发产生。2022年爆发的所有样本都是从屠宰场收集的。进行了最大似然和基于贝叶斯的系统发育分析。研究结果表明，RVF病毒属于单一谱系，C,在两次爆发期间循环，并与2016年至2019年在乌干达分离的裂谷热病毒共享一个共同祖先，也与2006/2007年在肯尼亚报告的最大的东非裂谷热疫情有关，坦桑尼亚,索马里。除了野生型病毒，在屠宰场动物中发现了RVFV克隆13疫苗株的遗传证据，证明在肉类相关行业工作的人可能存在职业暴露风险，结果未知。这些结果为RVFV谱系C在非洲的持续广泛传播提供了更多证据，并强调了在应对RVF紧急情况方面需要有效的国家和国际基于OneHealth的合作方法。
