PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Poor dietary choices have been rising concurrently with an increase in asthma prevalence, especially in children. Dietary indexes that simultaneously measure the healthiness and sustainability of dietary patterns have emerged to address the dual concerns of human and planetary health. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate adherence to a sustainable dietary pattern and its impact on airway inflammation and asthma. In this study, 660 school-aged children (49.1% females, 7-12 years) were considered. A cross-sectional analysis was performed to assess the association between diet and asthma and airway inflammation according to overweight/obesity. Diet was evaluated through the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI). Higher scores represent a healthier and more sustainable diet. Three definitions of asthma were considered based on a self-reported medical diagnosis, symptoms, asthma medication, measured lung function, and airway reversibility. Airway inflammation was assessed by exhaled fractional nitric oxide (eNO). We considered two categories of body mass index: non-overweight/non-obese and overweight/obese. The associations between diet with asthma and airway inflammation were estimated using adjusted binary logistic regressions. The odds of having airway inflammation decreased with the increase in PHDI score. Moreover, children in the non-overweight/non-obesity group in the fourth quartile of the PHDI had lower odds of having airway inflammation compared to children in the first quartile. Our study indicates that a healthier and sustainable diet is associated with lower levels of eNO, but only among children without overweight/obesity.
摘要：
不良的饮食选择与哮喘患病率的增加同时增加，尤其是儿童。同时衡量饮食模式的健康和可持续性的饮食指数已经出现，以解决人类和地球健康的双重问题。因此，我们旨在评估对可持续饮食模式的依从性及其对气道炎症和哮喘的影响.在这项研究中,660名学龄儿童(49.1%为女性，7-12年）被考虑。根据超重/肥胖，进行横断面分析以评估饮食与哮喘和气道炎症之间的关联。通过行星健康饮食指数（PHDI）评估饮食。更高的分数代表更健康和更可持续的饮食。根据自我报告的医学诊断考虑了哮喘的三种定义，症状,哮喘药物,测量肺功能，和气道可逆性。通过呼出气一氧化氮分数（eNO）评估气道炎症。我们考虑了两类体重指数：非超重/非肥胖和超重/肥胖。使用调整的二元逻辑回归估计饮食与哮喘和气道炎症之间的关联。发生气道炎症的几率随着PHDI评分的增加而降低。此外，与第1四分位数的儿童相比,第4四分位数的非超重/非肥胖组儿童患气道炎症的几率较低.我们的研究表明，更健康和可持续的饮食与更低的eNO水平有关，但仅限于没有超重/肥胖的儿童。
