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Abstract：
Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health issue in India, with high incidence and mortality. The current literature on post-TB sequelae functional defects focuses heavily on spirometry, with conflicting obstruction vs. restriction data, lacks advanced statistical analysis, and has insufficient data on diffusion limitation and functional impairment. Objective: This study aimed to thoroughly evaluate post-tubercular sequelae after treatment, assessing chest radiology, spirometry, diffusing capacity, and exercise capacity. Methods: A total of 85 patients were studied at a university teaching hospital in Mysuru. The data collected included characteristics, comorbidities, smoking history, and respiratory symptoms. The investigations included spirometry, DLCO, chest X-rays with scoring, and 6MWT. Results: Of the patients, 70% had abnormal X-rays post-treatment, correlating with reduced lung function. Additionally, 70% had impaired spirometry with obstructive/restrictive patterns, and 62.2% had reduced DLCO, with females at higher risk. Smoking increased the risk of sequelae. Conclusions: Most patients had residual radiological/lung function abnormalities post-treatment. Advanced analyses provide insights into obstructive vs. restrictive defects. Ongoing research should explore pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutic modalities to minimize long-term post-TB disability.
摘要：
背景：肺结核（TB）仍然是印度的主要公共卫生问题，发病率和死亡率高。目前关于结核病后后遗症功能缺陷的文献主要集中在肺活量测定，有冲突的阻塞与限制数据,缺乏先进的统计分析，扩散限制和功能损害数据不足。目的:本研究旨在全面评价治疗后结核后遗症,评估胸部放射学，肺活量测定,扩散能力,和锻炼能力。方法：在Mysuru的大学教学医院共研究了85例患者。收集的数据包括特征，合并症,吸烟史,和呼吸道症状。调查包括肺活量测定,DLCO,胸部X光带评分，6MWT结果：在患者中，70%的患者在治疗后出现X线异常,与肺功能降低有关。此外,70%的人有阻塞/限制模式的肺活量测定受损，62.2%的人减少了DLCO，女性风险更高。吸烟会增加后遗症的风险。结论：大多数患者在治疗后有残留的放射学/肺功能异常。高级分析提供了对阻塞性与阻塞性的见解。限制性缺陷。正在进行的研究应探索发病机制和治疗方式，以最大程度地减少长期的结核病后残疾。
