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Abstract：
Multiple sclerosis (MS) still poses a challenge in terms of complex etiology, not fully effective methods of treatment, and lack of healing agents. This neurodegenerative condition considerably affects the comfort of life by causing difficulties with movement and worsening cognition. Neuron, astrocyte, microglia, and oligodendrocyte activity is engaged in multiple pathogenic processes associated with MS. These cells are also utilized in creating in vitro cellular models for investigations focusing on MS. In this article, we present and discuss a summary of different in vitro models useful for MS research and describe their development. We discuss cellular models derived from animals or humans and present in the form of primary cell lines or immortalized cell lines. In addition, we characterize cell cultures developed from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Culture conditions (2D and 3D cultures) are also discussed.
摘要：
多发性硬化症（MS）在复杂的病因方面仍然构成挑战，没有完全有效的治疗方法，缺乏治疗剂。这种神经退行性疾病通过引起运动困难和认知恶化而极大地影响生活的舒适度。神经元,星形胶质细胞,小胶质细胞,少突胶质细胞活性参与与MS相关的多种致病过程。这些细胞还用于创建体外细胞模型，以进行针对MS的研究。在这篇文章中,我们介绍并讨论了对MS研究有用的不同体外模型的总结，并描述了它们的发展。我们讨论了源自动物或人类的细胞模型，并以原代细胞系或永生化细胞系的形式存在。此外,我们表征了从诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）开发的细胞培养物。还讨论了培养条件(2D和3D培养)。
