Abstract：
Thyroid hormones are critical modulators in the physiological processes necessary to virtually all tissues, with exceptionally fundamental roles in brain development and maintenance. These hormones regulate essential neurodevelopment events, including neuronal migration, synaptogenesis, and myelination. Additionally, thyroid hormones are crucial for maintaining brain homeostasis and cognitive function in adulthood. This chapter aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of thyroid hormone biosynthesis and its intricate role in brain physiology. Here, we described the mechanisms underlying the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, their influence on various aspects of brain development and ongoing maintenance, and the proteins in the brain that are responsive to these hormones. This chapter was geared towards broadening our understanding of thyroid hormone action in the brain, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets for neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders.
摘要：
甲状腺激素是几乎所有组织所必需的生理过程中的关键调节剂，在大脑发育和维护中具有非常重要的作用。这些激素调节基本的神经发育事件，包括神经元迁移，突触发生,和髓鞘形成。此外,甲状腺激素对于维持成年后的大脑稳态和认知功能至关重要。本章旨在全面了解甲状腺激素的生物合成及其在脑生理学中的复杂作用。这里,我们描述了甲状腺激素生物合成的潜在机制，它们对大脑发育和持续维护的各个方面的影响，以及大脑中对这些激素有反应的蛋白质。本章旨在扩大我们对大脑中甲状腺激素作用的理解，揭示神经发育和神经退行性疾病的潜在治疗靶点。
