METHODS: This cross-national study included 326 older adults, age 65 and older, from Portugal and Spain. Five instruments were applied: (a) Adjustment to Aging Scale (ATAS); (b) Satisfaction with Life Scale (SwLS); (c) New Sexual Satisfaction Scale-Short (NSSS-S); (d) Mini-Mental State Exam; and (e) Sociodemographic, Health and Lifestyle questionnaire. K-means cluster analysis was employed to identify and characterize the clusters considering adjustments to aging, sexual satisfaction, and life satisfaction. One-way ANOVAs were conducted to analyze differences in sexual well-being among clusters.
RESULTS: Findings indicated three clusters, which explained 77.7% (R-sq = 0.777) of the total variance: Cluster 1: \"Most skilled\" (n = 26, 8.0%), Cluster 2: \"Least adjusted\" (n = 115, 35.3%), and Cluster 3: \"Aging strivers\" (n = 185, 56.7%). Participants in Cluster 1 were mostly Portuguese, with high levels of AtA, sexual satisfaction, and SWL. Conversely, Cluster 2 included mostly Portuguese participants with moderate sexual satisfaction and lower levels of AtA and SwL. Participants from Cluster 3 were mostly Spanish, with moderate levels of AtA and reduced sexual satisfaction and SwL.
CONCLUSIONS: This study innovates by exploring the elaborate interplay among sexual satisfaction, AtA, and SwL in a cross-cultural perspective, with implications for tailoring interventions, service planning, development, and evaluation of culturally diverse older populations.
方法:这项跨国研究包括326名老年人,65岁及以上,来自葡萄牙和西班牙。应用了五种工具:(a)老化量表(ATAS);(b)生活满意度量表(SwLS);(c)新的简短性满意度量表(NSSS-S);(d)小精神状态考试;(e)社会人口统计学,健康和生活方式问卷。考虑到老化的调整,采用K均值聚类分析来识别和表征聚类,性满意度,和生活满意度。进行了单向方差分析,以分析集群之间的性幸福感差异。
结果:研究结果表明有三个集群,这解释了总方差的77.7%(R-sq=0.777):第1组:“最熟练”(n=26,8.0%),第2组:“最小调整”(n=115,35.3%),和第3组:“老龄化奋斗者”(n=185,56.7%)。第1组的参与者大多是葡萄牙人,高水平的AtA,性满意度,和SWL。相反,第2组主要包括葡萄牙参与者,他们的性满意度中等,AtA和SwL水平较低。第3组的参与者大多是西班牙人,具有中等水平的AtA和降低的性满意度和SwL。
结论:这项研究通过探索性满意度之间的复杂相互作用来创新,AtA,从跨文化的角度来看,对定制干预措施有影响,服务规划,发展,以及对文化多样性老年人群的评估。