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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: From a cross-cultural perspective, aging well may encompass pertinent challenges in terms of adjustment, sexual well-being, and satisfaction with life in the late years. Considering the paucity of empirical data concerning cultural diversity of experiencing aging, this study aims to help fill this gap by assessing the specific patterns of sexual satisfaction, adjustment to aging (AtA), and life satisfaction with life (SwL) of older adults in Portugal and Spain.
METHODS: This cross-national study included 326 older adults, age 65 and older, from Portugal and Spain. Five instruments were applied: (a) Adjustment to Aging Scale (ATAS); (b) Satisfaction with Life Scale (SwLS); (c) New Sexual Satisfaction Scale-Short (NSSS-S); (d) Mini-Mental State Exam; and (e) Sociodemographic, Health and Lifestyle questionnaire. K-means cluster analysis was employed to identify and characterize the clusters considering adjustments to aging, sexual satisfaction, and life satisfaction. One-way ANOVAs were conducted to analyze differences in sexual well-being among clusters.
RESULTS: Findings indicated three clusters, which explained 77.7% (R-sq = 0.777) of the total variance: Cluster 1: \"Most skilled\" (n = 26, 8.0%), Cluster 2: \"Least adjusted\" (n = 115, 35.3%), and Cluster 3: \"Aging strivers\" (n = 185, 56.7%). Participants in Cluster 1 were mostly Portuguese, with high levels of AtA, sexual satisfaction, and SWL. Conversely, Cluster 2 included mostly Portuguese participants with moderate sexual satisfaction and lower levels of AtA and SwL. Participants from Cluster 3 were mostly Spanish, with moderate levels of AtA and reduced sexual satisfaction and SwL.
CONCLUSIONS: This study innovates by exploring the elaborate interplay among sexual satisfaction, AtA, and SwL in a cross-cultural perspective, with implications for tailoring interventions, service planning, development, and evaluation of culturally diverse older populations.
METHODS: This cross-national study included 326 older adults, age 65 and older, from Portugal and Spain. Five instruments were applied: (a) Adjustment to Aging Scale (ATAS); (b) Satisfaction with Life Scale (SwLS); (c) New Sexual Satisfaction Scale-Short (NSSS-S); (d) Mini-Mental State Exam; and (e) Sociodemographic, Health and Lifestyle questionnaire. K-means cluster analysis was employed to identify and characterize the clusters considering adjustments to aging, sexual satisfaction, and life satisfaction. One-way ANOVAs were conducted to analyze differences in sexual well-being among clusters.
RESULTS: Findings indicated three clusters, which explained 77.7% (R-sq = 0.777) of the total variance: Cluster 1: \"Most skilled\" (n = 26, 8.0%), Cluster 2: \"Least adjusted\" (n = 115, 35.3%), and Cluster 3: \"Aging strivers\" (n = 185, 56.7%). Participants in Cluster 1 were mostly Portuguese, with high levels of AtA, sexual satisfaction, and SWL. Conversely, Cluster 2 included mostly Portuguese participants with moderate sexual satisfaction and lower levels of AtA and SwL. Participants from Cluster 3 were mostly Spanish, with moderate levels of AtA and reduced sexual satisfaction and SwL.
CONCLUSIONS: This study innovates by exploring the elaborate interplay among sexual satisfaction, AtA, and SwL in a cross-cultural perspective, with implications for tailoring interventions, service planning, development, and evaluation of culturally diverse older populations.
摘要：
目的：从跨文化的角度来看，老龄化可能包括调整方面的相关挑战，性福,以及对晚年生活的满意度。考虑到缺乏关于经历老龄化的文化多样性的经验数据，这项研究旨在通过评估性满意度的具体模式来帮助填补这一空白，老化调整(AtA)，以及葡萄牙和西班牙老年人的生活满意度(SwL)。
方法：这项跨国研究包括326名老年人，65岁及以上，来自葡萄牙和西班牙。应用了五种工具：（a）老化量表（ATAS）；（b）生活满意度量表（SwLS）；（c）新的简短性满意度量表（NSSS-S）；（d）小精神状态考试；（e）社会人口统计学，健康和生活方式问卷。考虑到老化的调整，采用K均值聚类分析来识别和表征聚类，性满意度,和生活满意度。进行了单向方差分析，以分析集群之间的性幸福感差异。
结果：研究结果表明有三个集群，这解释了总方差的77.7%(R-sq=0.777)：第1组:“最熟练”(n=26，8.0%)，第2组：“最小调整”(n=115，35.3%)，和第3组：“老龄化奋斗者”（n=185，56.7%）。第1组的参与者大多是葡萄牙人，高水平的AtA，性满意度,和SWL。相反，第2组主要包括葡萄牙参与者，他们的性满意度中等，AtA和SwL水平较低。第3组的参与者大多是西班牙人，具有中等水平的AtA和降低的性满意度和SwL。
结论：这项研究通过探索性满意度之间的复杂相互作用来创新，AtA,从跨文化的角度来看，对定制干预措施有影响，服务规划,发展,以及对文化多样性老年人群的评估。
方法：这项跨国研究包括326名老年人，65岁及以上，来自葡萄牙和西班牙。应用了五种工具：（a）老化量表（ATAS）；（b）生活满意度量表（SwLS）；（c）新的简短性满意度量表（NSSS-S）；（d）小精神状态考试；（e）社会人口统计学，健康和生活方式问卷。考虑到老化的调整，采用K均值聚类分析来识别和表征聚类，性满意度,和生活满意度。进行了单向方差分析，以分析集群之间的性幸福感差异。
结果：研究结果表明有三个集群，这解释了总方差的77.7%(R-sq=0.777)：第1组:“最熟练”(n=26，8.0%)，第2组：“最小调整”(n=115，35.3%)，和第3组：“老龄化奋斗者”（n=185，56.7%）。第1组的参与者大多是葡萄牙人，高水平的AtA，性满意度,和SWL。相反，第2组主要包括葡萄牙参与者，他们的性满意度中等，AtA和SwL水平较低。第3组的参与者大多是西班牙人，具有中等水平的AtA和降低的性满意度和SwL。
结论：这项研究通过探索性满意度之间的复杂相互作用来创新，AtA,从跨文化的角度来看，对定制干预措施有影响，服务规划,发展,以及对文化多样性老年人群的评估。
