Abstract：
Adolescent food insecurity is a salient adversity hypothesized to affect neural systems associated with increased impulsive behavior. Family environments shape how adverse experiences influence development. In this study, hypotheses were tested regarding the conjoint effects of food insecurity and family flexibility on impulsivity via alterations in connectivity between regions within the salience and central executive networks. Such alterations are reflected in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) metrics between the anterior insula (AI) and the middle frontal gyrus (MFG). Hypotheses were tested in a longitudinal moderated mediation model with two waves of data from 142 adolescents (Time 1 [T1] Mage = 12.89, SD = 0.85; Time 2 [T2] Mage = 15.01, SD = 1.07). Data on past-year household food insecurity, family flexibility, and rsFC were obtained at T1. Impulsivity was self-reported by the adolescent at T1 and T2. Findings revealed that high T1 left-to-left rsFC between the AI and MFG was associated with increased impulsivity at T2. The interaction of family flexibility and food insecurity was associated with AI and MFG rsFC. In the context of low family flexibility, food insecurity was linked to high levels of AI and MFG rsFC. Conversely, in the context of optimal family flexibility, food insecurity was associated with low levels of AI and MFG rsFC. Conditional indirect analysis suggests that the links among food insecurity, rsFC, and impulsive behavior depend on family flexibility. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Adolescent food insecurity was associated with anterior insula and middle frontal gyrus connectivity only at certain levels of family flexibility. High family flexibility attenuated the link between food insecurity and neural connectivity, while low levels of family flexibility increased this risk. High left anterior insula and left middle frontal gyrus connectivity was associated with increased impulsivity 1 year later.
摘要：
青少年食物不安全是一种明显的逆境，假设会影响与冲动行为增加相关的神经系统。家庭环境塑造了不利的经历如何影响发展。在这项研究中,通过显著性和中央执行网络内各区域之间的连通性改变,对粮食不安全和家庭灵活性对冲动性的联合影响进行了检验.这种改变反映在前脑岛（AI）和中额回（MFG）之间的静息状态功能连通性（rsFC）指标中。在纵向调节调解模型中使用来自142个青少年的两波数据对假设进行了测试（时间1[T1]Mage=12.89，SD=0.85；时间2[T2]Mage=15.01，SD=1.07）。关于过去一年家庭粮食不安全的数据，家庭灵活性,和rsFC在T1获得。青少年在T1和T2时自我报告了冲动性。研究结果表明，AI和MFG之间的高T1左至左rsFC与T2时的冲动性增加有关。家庭灵活性和粮食不安全的相互作用与AI和MFGrsFC有关。在家庭灵活性低的情况下，粮食不安全与高水平的人工智能和MFGrsFC有关。相反，在最佳家庭灵活性的背景下，粮食不安全与低AI和MFGrsFC水平有关。有条件的间接分析表明，粮食不安全之间的联系，rsFC,冲动行为取决于家庭的灵活性。研究重点：仅在一定的家庭灵活性水平下，青少年食物不安全与前脑岛和中额回连接有关。高家庭灵活性削弱了粮食不安全和神经连接之间的联系，而低水平的家庭灵活性增加了这种风险。1年后，左前脑岛高和左额中回连接与冲动性增加有关。
