Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea is one of the most serious diseases affecting strawberry. Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides have been used for more than a decade to control the disease. Monitoring resistance and improving in-depth understanding of resistance mechanisms are essential for the control of B. cinerea.
RESULTS: In this study, resistance monitoring of a SDHI fungicide boscalid was conducted on B. cinerea isolated from strawberries in Korea during 2020 and 2021, with resistance rates of 76.92% and 72.25%, respectively. In resistant strains, mutations P225F/H and H272R were found in SdhB, with P225F representing the dominant mutation type. Simultaneous mutations G85A, I93V, M158V, and V168I in SdhC were detected in 54.84% of sensitive strains. Sensitivity profiles of different Sdh genotypes of B. cinerea strains to six SDHIs were determined in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the mutation(s) were genetically validated through in situ SdhB (SdhC) expression. Docking assays between SDHIs and AlphaFold model-based Sdh complexes revealed generally consistent patterns with their in vitro phenotypes.
CONCLUSIONS: Resistance of B. cinerea to SDHI fungicide on strawberry was systematically investigated in this study. Deciphering of SDHI resistance through the genetic transformation system and AlphaFold model-based molecular docking will provide valuable insights into other target site-based fungicide resistance in fungal pathogens. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
RESULTS: In this study, resistance monitoring of a SDHI fungicide boscalid was conducted on B. cinerea isolated from strawberries in Korea during 2020 and 2021, with resistance rates of 76.92% and 72.25%, respectively. In resistant strains, mutations P225F/H and H272R were found in SdhB, with P225F representing the dominant mutation type. Simultaneous mutations G85A, I93V, M158V, and V168I in SdhC were detected in 54.84% of sensitive strains. Sensitivity profiles of different Sdh genotypes of B. cinerea strains to six SDHIs were determined in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the mutation(s) were genetically validated through in situ SdhB (SdhC) expression. Docking assays between SDHIs and AlphaFold model-based Sdh complexes revealed generally consistent patterns with their in vitro phenotypes.
CONCLUSIONS: Resistance of B. cinerea to SDHI fungicide on strawberry was systematically investigated in this study. Deciphering of SDHI resistance through the genetic transformation system and AlphaFold model-based molecular docking will provide valuable insights into other target site-based fungicide resistance in fungal pathogens. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
摘要：
背景：灰霉病是影响草莓的最严重的疾病之一。琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂(SDHI)杀真菌剂已经使用了十多年来控制该疾病。监测抗性和提高对抗性机制的深入理解对于控制灰霉病至关重要。
结果：在这项研究中，在2020年和2021年期间，对韩国从草莓中分离出的B.cinerea进行了SDHI杀菌剂啶酰菌胺的抗性监测，抗性率为76.92％和72.25％，分别。在耐药菌株中，在SdhB中发现了P225F/H和H272R突变，P225F代表显性突变类型。同时突变G85A,I93V,M158V,54.84%的敏感菌株在SdhC中检测到V168I。在体外和体内确定了不同Sdh基因型的灰芽孢杆菌菌株对六种SDHI的敏感性谱。此外,通过原位SdhB(SdhC)表达对突变进行遗传验证。SDHI和基于AlphaFold模型的Sdh复合物之间的对接测定显示出与其体外表型基本一致的模式。
结论：本研究系统研究了草莓上灰霉病菌对SDHI杀菌剂的抗性。通过遗传转化系统和基于AlphaFold模型的分子对接来解密SDHI抗性将为真菌病原体中其他基于靶位点的杀真菌剂抗性提供有价值的见解。©2024作者（S）。害虫管理科学由JohnWiley&SonsLtd代表化学工业学会出版。
结果：在这项研究中，在2020年和2021年期间，对韩国从草莓中分离出的B.cinerea进行了SDHI杀菌剂啶酰菌胺的抗性监测，抗性率为76.92％和72.25％，分别。在耐药菌株中，在SdhB中发现了P225F/H和H272R突变，P225F代表显性突变类型。同时突变G85A,I93V,M158V,54.84%的敏感菌株在SdhC中检测到V168I。在体外和体内确定了不同Sdh基因型的灰芽孢杆菌菌株对六种SDHI的敏感性谱。此外,通过原位SdhB(SdhC)表达对突变进行遗传验证。SDHI和基于AlphaFold模型的Sdh复合物之间的对接测定显示出与其体外表型基本一致的模式。
结论：本研究系统研究了草莓上灰霉病菌对SDHI杀菌剂的抗性。通过遗传转化系统和基于AlphaFold模型的分子对接来解密SDHI抗性将为真菌病原体中其他基于靶位点的杀真菌剂抗性提供有价值的见解。©2024作者（S）。害虫管理科学由JohnWiley&SonsLtd代表化学工业学会出版。
