PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Background: Dyslexia, a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting reading skills, poses significant challenges to children\'s academic performance and quality of life. Despite its rising prevalence and adverse effects, understanding of its relationship with vision anomalies remains limited, particularly in low-resource settings like Nigeria. This study aims to assess the prevalence of binocular vision anomalies (BVAs) among children with and without dyslexia in Kano, Nigeria. Methods: This is a hospital-based, cross-sectional, matched-paired, controlled study conducted at the Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) Eye Clinic in Northern Nigeria. The study included school children who visited the AKTH Eye Clinic from January 2018 to December 2022. Visual acuity tests, external eye examinations and accommodative, binocular vision and oculomotor skills tests were conducted. Descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests and Fisher\'s exact tests were conducted, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: Forty-four children aged 12 ± 2 years participated. Children with dyslexia reported higher rates of visual symptoms than those without dyslexia, Blurring vision, visual distortion and eye strain were the most prevalent (p < 0.05) BV symptoms. Accommodative insufficiency), was the most common visual abnormality, and was significantly higher in children with dyslexia than those without dyslexia (45.5% vs. 18.2%). However, other visual anomalies showed no significant difference between groups. There was a high prevalence of binocular vision anomalies in both groups. Binocular test findings showed dyslexic children had significantly lower distance positive fusional vergence recovery values (p = 0.005). All cases of convergence insufficiency alone were found in the non-dyslexic group. Conclusions: The study found that children with dyslexia residing in Northern Nigeria demonstrated higher rates of visual symptoms, more accommodative insufficiency and lower distance positive fusional vergence recovery values compared to their non-dyslexic counterparts.
摘要：
背景:阅读障碍,影响阅读技能的神经发育障碍,对儿童的学习成绩和生活质量构成重大挑战。尽管其患病率和不利影响不断上升，对其与视力异常关系的理解仍然有限，特别是在像尼日利亚这样的低资源环境中。这项研究旨在评估卡诺有和没有阅读障碍的儿童的双眼视觉异常（BVA）的患病率，尼日利亚。方法：这是一家以医院为基础的，横截面,配对，在尼日利亚北部的AminuKano教学医院（AKTH）眼科诊所进行的对照研究。该研究包括2018年1月至2022年12月访问AKTH眼科诊所的学童。视力测试，外部眼睛检查和调节，进行了双眼视觉和动眼技能测试。描述性统计，独立t检验，进行了曼-惠特尼U检验和费舍尔的精确检验，显著性水平设置为p<0.05。结果：44名12±2岁儿童参加。阅读障碍儿童的视觉症状发生率高于没有阅读障碍的儿童，模糊的视觉，视觉畸变和眼睛疲劳是最常见的(p<0.05)BV症状。适应性不足)，是最常见的视觉异常,有阅读障碍的儿童明显高于没有阅读障碍的儿童(45.5%vs.18.2%）。然而,其他视觉异常显示组间无显著差异。两组中双眼视觉异常的患病率都很高。双眼测试结果显示，阅读障碍儿童的距离正融合聚散恢复值明显较低（p=0.005）。在非诵读困难组中发现了所有单独的衔接不足病例。结论：研究发现，居住在尼日利亚北部的阅读障碍儿童表现出更高的视觉症状发生率，与非阅读障碍者相比，更多的适应性不足和更低的距离正融合聚散恢复值。
