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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The Health and Medical Assistance Program for Poverty Alleviation is part of China\'s targeted poverty elimination strategy, which aims to protect poor people\'s right to health and prevent them from becoming trapped in or returning to poverty because of illness. Many tasks have been defined in this program, including raising the medical insurance level, providing a triage system, improving medical and health services, and enhancing people\'s health. One pivotal aspect of this initiative involves equitable health resource allocation, a key measure aimed at bolstering medical and health services. This study aimed to analyze and compare health resource allocations in different counties in Northwest China after the implementation of the program.
METHODS: The Gini coefficient quantifies the level of distributional equality, the Theil index assesses the sources of inequality, and the Health Resource Agglomeration Degree gauges the accessibility of health resources.
RESULTS: 1) The health resource allocation distributed based on population(Gini Coefficient < 0.45) was more equitable than that distributed based on area(Gini Coefficient > 0.35) among counties in Northwest China. 2) The contribution rate within non-impoverished counties is higher than that of impoverished counties, which means the inequality within non-impoverished counties. 3) The allocation of beds in medical institutions by area in non-impoverished counties was better than that in impoverished counties, and accessibility to health services for residents in non-impoverished counties was better than that in impoverished counties.
CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of health resource allocation among the five provinces in Northwest China revealed significant differences in equality among the five provinces in Northwest China, and the differences were mainly derived from the non-impoverished counties. Although the equality is gradually improving, the number of health resources in impoverished counties remain lower than that in non-impoverished counties.Subsequently, it is essential to ensure equitable distribution of healthcare resources while also taking into account their utilization and quality.
METHODS: The Gini coefficient quantifies the level of distributional equality, the Theil index assesses the sources of inequality, and the Health Resource Agglomeration Degree gauges the accessibility of health resources.
RESULTS: 1) The health resource allocation distributed based on population(Gini Coefficient < 0.45) was more equitable than that distributed based on area(Gini Coefficient > 0.35) among counties in Northwest China. 2) The contribution rate within non-impoverished counties is higher than that of impoverished counties, which means the inequality within non-impoverished counties. 3) The allocation of beds in medical institutions by area in non-impoverished counties was better than that in impoverished counties, and accessibility to health services for residents in non-impoverished counties was better than that in impoverished counties.
CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of health resource allocation among the five provinces in Northwest China revealed significant differences in equality among the five provinces in Northwest China, and the differences were mainly derived from the non-impoverished counties. Although the equality is gradually improving, the number of health resources in impoverished counties remain lower than that in non-impoverished counties.Subsequently, it is essential to ensure equitable distribution of healthcare resources while also taking into account their utilization and quality.
摘要：
背景：健康医疗扶贫计划是中国有针对性的消除贫困战略的一部分，其目的是保护穷人的健康权，防止他们因病陷入或返贫。这个程序中定义了许多任务，包括提高医疗保险水平，提供一个分诊系统，改善医疗卫生服务，增强人们的健康。这一举措的一个关键方面是公平分配卫生资源，一项旨在加强医疗卫生服务的关键措施。本研究旨在分析和比较该计划实施后西北地区不同县的卫生资源配置。
方法：基尼系数量化了分配平等的水平，泰尔指数评估了不平等的根源，卫生资源集聚度衡量卫生资源的可及性。
结果：1）西北地区各县之间基于人口（基尼系数<0.45）的卫生资源分配比基于面积（基尼系数>0.35）的分配更为公平。2)非贫困县的贡献率高于贫困县，这意味着非贫困县内部的不平等。3）非贫困县按地区划分的医疗机构床位分配要好于贫困县，非贫困县居民获得卫生服务的机会优于贫困县。
结论：西北五省之间的卫生资源配置分析显示，西北五省之间的公平性存在显着差异，差异主要来自非贫困县。虽然平等正在逐步改善，贫困县的卫生资源数量仍然低于非贫困县。随后，必须确保医疗资源的公平分配，同时考虑到医疗资源的利用率和质量。
方法：基尼系数量化了分配平等的水平，泰尔指数评估了不平等的根源，卫生资源集聚度衡量卫生资源的可及性。
结果：1）西北地区各县之间基于人口（基尼系数<0.45）的卫生资源分配比基于面积（基尼系数>0.35）的分配更为公平。2)非贫困县的贡献率高于贫困县，这意味着非贫困县内部的不平等。3）非贫困县按地区划分的医疗机构床位分配要好于贫困县，非贫困县居民获得卫生服务的机会优于贫困县。
结论：西北五省之间的卫生资源配置分析显示，西北五省之间的公平性存在显着差异，差异主要来自非贫困县。虽然平等正在逐步改善，贫困县的卫生资源数量仍然低于非贫困县。随后，必须确保医疗资源的公平分配，同时考虑到医疗资源的利用率和质量。
