Abstract：
Increasing empirical attention has been given to the role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in the development and maintenance of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Yet, current research has predominantly focused on adult and nonclinical BDD samples, and little is known about relevance of ACEs in adolescent BDD. The present study examined (a) the frequency of ACEs in adolescents with a primary diagnosis of BDD (n = 50) versus obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) (n = 50) and (b) the clinical profile of ACE-exposed youth with BDD. ACEs were ascertained through a systematic search of electronic patient records, as well as through a parent- and self-report screening item for exposure to traumatic events. Results showed higher rate of peer victimisation (74% vs. 38%) and child maltreatment (44% vs. 24%) among BDD versus OCD youths; sexual abuse was the most common type of child maltreatment documented in the BDD group (28%) according to patient records. Parent-reported exposure to traumatic events was also significantly higher in the BDD than the OCD group (40% vs. 18%, respectively). Clinical presentation and treatment outcomes did not differ between those with versus without a history of ACEs. The current study is the first to demonstrate that a range of ACEs are common in adolescent BDD. Our findings highlight the importance of screening for these experiences. Although further research is needed, our findings also indicate that adolescents with BDD who have a history of ACEs are broadly similar in their clinical presentation to those without, and benefit from BDD-focused treatment.
摘要：
越来越多的经验关注不良儿童经历（ACE）在身体畸形障碍（BDD）的发展和维持中的作用。然而，目前的研究主要集中在成人和非临床BDD样本上，关于ACEs在青少年BDD中的相关性知之甚少。本研究检查了（a）主要诊断为BDD（n=50）和强迫症（OCD）（n=50）的青少年ACE的频率，以及（b）暴露于ACE的青少年BDD的临床特征。通过系统搜索电子病历来确定ACE，以及通过父母和自我报告筛查项目暴露于创伤事件。结果显示，同伴受害率较高(74%vs.38%)和儿童虐待(44%vs.24％）在BDD与OCD青年中；根据患者记录，性虐待是BDD组中记录的最常见的儿童虐待类型（28％）。父母报告的创伤事件暴露在BDD中也显着高于强迫症组（40％vs.18%,分别)。有和没有ACE病史的患者的临床表现和治疗结果没有差异。目前的研究是第一个证明一系列ACE在青少年BDD中很常见的研究。我们的发现强调了筛查这些经历的重要性。虽然还需要进一步的研究,我们的发现还表明，有ACE病史的BDD青少年在临床表现上与无ACE的青少年大致相似，并受益于以BDD为重点的治疗。
