Abstract：
A scoping review methodological framework formed the basis of this review. A search of two electronic databases captured relevant literature published from 2013. 1184 articles were screened, 200 of which met inclusion criteria. Included studies were categorised as tests for either respiratory infections OR pulmonary exacerbations. Data were extracted to ascertain test type, sample type, and indication of use for each test type. For infection, culture is the most common testing method, particularly for bacterial infections, whereas PCR is utilised more for the diagnosis of viral infections. Spirometry tests, indicating lung function, facilitate respiratory infection diagnoses. There is no clear definition of what an exacerbation is in persons with CF. A clinical checklist with risk criteria can determine if a patient is experiencing an exacerbation event, however the diagnosis is clinician-led and will vary between individuals. Fuchs criteria are one of the most frequently used tests to assess signs and symptoms of exacerbation in persons with CF. This scoping review highlights the development of home monitoring tests to facilitate earlier and easier diagnoses, and the identification of novel biomarkers for indication of infections/exacerbations as areas of current research and development. Research is particularly prevalent regarding exhaled breath condensate and volatile organic compounds as an alternative sampling/biomarker respectively for infection diagnosis. Whilst there are a wide range of tests available for diagnosing respiratory infections and/or exacerbations, these are typically used clinically in combination to ensure a rapid, accurate diagnosis which will ultimately benefit both the patient and clinician.
摘要：
范围审查方法框架构成了本次审查的基础。对两个电子数据库的搜索捕获了2013年发表的相关文献。筛选了1184篇文章，其中200人符合纳入标准。纳入的研究被归类为呼吸道感染或肺部恶化的测试。提取数据以确定测试类型，样品类型,以及每种测试类型的使用指示。对于感染，文化是最常见的测试方法，特别是细菌感染，而PCR更多地用于病毒感染的诊断。肺活量测定测试,指示肺功能，促进呼吸道感染的诊断。对于CF患者的恶化情况没有明确的定义。具有风险标准的临床检查表可以确定患者是否正在经历恶化事件，然而,诊断由临床医生主导,因人而异.Fuchs标准是评估CF患者恶化的体征和症状的最常用测试之一。这项范围审查强调了家庭监测测试的发展，以促进更早和更容易的诊断，以及确定用于指示感染/恶化的新型生物标志物作为当前研究和开发领域。关于呼出气冷凝液和挥发性有机化合物分别作为感染诊断的替代采样/生物标志物的研究尤其普遍。虽然有广泛的测试可用于诊断呼吸道感染和/或恶化，这些通常在临床上联合使用，以确保快速，准确的诊断，最终将有利于患者和临床医生。
