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Abstract：
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a challenging cancer with high mortality rates, limited predictability, and a lack of effective prognostic indicators. The relationship between small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and HCC is poorly understood. Based on the literature data, snoRNA studies were primarily focused on viral-related causes of HCC, such as Hepatitis B or C viruses (HBV or HCV). According to these studies, we selected four snoRNAs (snoRA12, snoRA47, snoRA80E, and snoRD126) for exploration in the context of non-viral-related causes, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD), and alcohol steatohepatitis. The primary goal of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of how snoRNA expression affects patient outcomes and whether it can serve as a prognostic tool for non-viral HCC. We conducted a study on tissue samples from 35 HCC patients who had undergone resection at Pilsen University Hospital. SnoRA12, snoRA47, snoRA80E, and snoRD126 were studied by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in tumor and non-tumor adjacent tissue (NTAT) samples. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to assess the association of snoRNAs expression levels with patient outcomes: time to recurrence (TTR), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). In tumor tissues, snoRA12, snoRA47 and snoRA80E were upregulated, while snoRD-126 was downregulated compared to NTAT. Low expression of snoRA47 and snoRD126 in patients was associated with longer TTR and DFS. The individual expression of snoRA12 and snoRA80E did not show associations with TTR and DFS. However, a combination of medium expression of snoRD126 and snoRA80E was associated with longer TTR and DFS, while high and low expressions of the combined snoRA126 and snoRA80E showed no significant association with TTR, DFS, and OS. Conversely, a combination of high expression of snoRA12 and snoRD126 was associated with shorter TTR. In conclusion, the results indicate that snoRA47 and snoRD126 exhibit good prognostic power specifically for non-viral related HCC. Both snoRA47 and snoRD126 showed favorable prognostication in single and combined analysis when assessing patient outcomes. Also, in combination analysis, snoRA80E and snoRA12 showed favorable prognosis, but not alone.
摘要：
肝细胞癌（HCC）是一种具有高死亡率的具有挑战性的癌症，有限的可预测性，缺乏有效的预后指标。小核仁RNA（snoRNA）与HCC之间的关系知之甚少。根据文献数据，snoRNA研究主要集中在肝癌的病毒相关原因，如乙型肝炎或丙型肝炎病毒（HBV或HCV）。根据这些研究,我们选择了四个snoRNAs(snoRA12，snoRA47，snoRA80E，和snorRD126)在非病毒相关原因的背景下进行探索，包括非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH），非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD），和酒精脂肪性肝炎。这项研究的主要目标是更深入地了解snoRNA表达如何影响患者的预后，以及它是否可以作为非病毒性HCC的预后工具。我们对在皮尔森大学医院接受切除的35例HCC患者的组织样本进行了研究。SnoRA12,snoRA47,snoRA80E,通过定量实时PCR(qRT-PCR)在肿瘤和非肿瘤邻近组织(NTAT)样品中研究snoRD126。进行Kaplan-Meier分析以评估snoRNAs表达水平与患者预后的关联：复发时间（TTR），无病生存期（DFS）和总生存期（OS）。在肿瘤组织中，snoRA12、snoRA47和snoRA80E被上调，而snorRD-126与NTAT相比下调。患者snoRA47和snoRD126的低表达与较长的TTR和DFS相关。snoRA12和snoRA80E的个体表达未显示与TTR和DFS的关联。然而,snoRD126和snoRA80E的中等表达组合与更长的TTR和DFS相关，而snoRA126和snoRA80E组合的高表达和低表达与TTR没有显着关联，DFS,和OS。相反，snoRA12和snoRD126的高表达与较短的TTR相关。总之,结果表明,snorRA47和snorRD126对非病毒相关性HCC具有良好的预后能力.在评估患者预后时，snorRA47和snorRD126在单一和组合分析中均显示出良好的预后。此外，在组合分析中，snoRA80E和snoRA12显示良好的预后，但并不孤单。
