PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cow\'s milk allergy (CMA) is a common childhood food allergy associated with a significant burden for those children who are affected and their families, including unintentional exposures that result in allergic reactions, severe allergic reactions, and anaphylaxis. In young children, cow\'s milk is one of the most frequent food triggers in anaphylactic episodes, and fatalities have also been described as a result of unintentional exposures, which reinforces the notion that milk allergy can be severe in some individuals. The natural history of CMA is favorable, with the allergy resolving over time in the majority of individuals, although some will have persistent allergy that does not resolve. The standard management approach for CMA consists of strict avoidance of milk and carriage of emergency medication for use in accidental exposures. Recently, a novel approach has emerged as an alternative option for management in patients with CMA in the form of oral immunotherapy (OIT). The aim of milk OIT is to protect patients from accidental exposures to milk-containing foods and allow patients to introduce larger amounts of milk into their diet. The goal of this article was to review the available evidence, discuss key studies that focused on milk OIT, and provide practical information and useful tips related to this novel treatment.
摘要：
牛奶过敏（CMA）是一种常见的儿童食物过敏，与受影响的儿童及其家人的负担有关。包括导致过敏反应的无意暴露，严重的过敏反应,和过敏反应。在年幼的孩子，牛奶是过敏性发作中最常见的食物触发因素之一，和死亡也被描述为意外暴露的结果，这强化了牛奶过敏在某些个体中可能很严重的观念。CMA的自然历史是有利的，随着大多数人的过敏随着时间的推移而消退，虽然有些人会有持续的过敏，不会解决。CMA的标准管理方法包括严格避免牛奶和携带用于意外暴露的紧急药物。最近,一种新的治疗方法已经成为CMA患者口服免疫治疗(OIT)的替代选择.牛奶OIT的目的是保护患者免受意外暴露于含牛奶的食物，并允许患者将更大量的牛奶引入他们的饮食中。本文的目的是回顾现有的证据，讨论专注于牛奶OIT的关键研究，并提供与这种新颖治疗相关的实用信息和有用提示。
