PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The pursuit of effective treatments for brain tumors has increasingly focused on the promising area of nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy (NERT). This review elucidates the context and significance of NERT, with a particular emphasis on its application in brain tumor therapy-a field where traditional treatments often encounter obstacles due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and tumor cells\' inherent resistance. The aims of this review include synthesizing recent advancements, analyzing action mechanisms, and assessing the clinical potential and challenges associated with nanoparticle (NP) use in radiotherapy enhancement. Preliminary preclinical studies have established a foundation for NERT, demonstrating that nanoparticles (NPs) can serve as radiosensitizers, thereby intensifying radiotherapy\'s efficacy. Investigations into various NP types, such as metallic, magnetic, and polymeric, have each unveiled distinct interactions with ionizing radiation, leading to an augmented destruction of tumor cells. These interactions, encompassing physical dose enhancement and biological and chemical radio sensitization, are crucial to the NERT strategy. Although clinical studies are in their early phases, initial trials have shown promising results in terms of tumor response rates and survival, albeit with mindful consideration of toxicity profiles. This review examines pivotal studies affirming NERT\'s efficacy and safety. NPs have the potential to revolutionize radiotherapy by overcoming challenges in targeted delivery, reducing off-target effects, and harmonizing with other modalities. Future directions include refining NP formulations, personalizing therapies, and navigating regulatory pathways. NERT holds promise to transform brain tumor treatment and provide hope for patients.
摘要：
对脑肿瘤的有效治疗的追求越来越集中在纳米粒子增强放射治疗（NERT）的有希望的领域。这篇综述阐明了NERT的背景和意义，特别强调其在脑肿瘤治疗中的应用-由于血脑屏障（BBB）和肿瘤细胞固有的抵抗力，传统治疗经常遇到障碍的领域。这次审查的目的包括综合最近的进展，分析作用机制，并评估与纳米粒子（NP）用于放疗增强相关的临床潜力和挑战。初步的临床前研究为NERT奠定了基础，证明纳米粒子（NPs）可以作为放射增敏剂，从而增强放疗的疗效。对各种NP类型的调查，如金属，磁性,和聚合物，每个人都揭示了与电离辐射的不同相互作用，导致肿瘤细胞的扩大破坏。这些互动,包括物理剂量增强和生物和化学放射敏化，对NERT战略至关重要。尽管临床研究处于早期阶段，初步试验在肿瘤反应率和生存率方面显示了有希望的结果，尽管仔细考虑了毒性特征。这篇综述探讨了肯定NERT的疗效和安全性的关键研究。NP有可能通过克服靶向递送的挑战来彻底改变放射治疗，减少脱靶效应，并与其他方式协调。未来的方向包括精炼NP配方，个性化治疗，并导航监管途径。NERT有望改变脑肿瘤治疗并为患者提供希望。
