PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The emergence of new infectious diseases poses a major threat to humans, animals, and broader ecosystems. Defining factors that govern the ability of pathogens to adapt to new host species is therefore a crucial research imperative. Pathogenic bacteria are of particular concern, given dwindling treatment options amid the continued expansion of antimicrobial resistance. In this review, we summarize recent advancements in the understanding of bacterial host species adaptation, with an emphasis on pathogens of humans and related mammals. We focus particularly on molecular mechanisms underlying key steps of bacterial host adaptation including colonization, nutrient acquisition, and immune evasion, as well as suggest key areas for future investigation. By developing a greater understanding of the mechanisms of host adaptation in pathogenic bacteria, we may uncover new strategies to target these microbes for the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases in humans, animals, and the broader environment.
摘要：
新传染病的出现对人类构成重大威胁,动物,更广泛的生态系统。因此，定义控制病原体适应新宿主物种能力的因素是至关重要的研究。在抗微生物药物耐药性持续扩大的情况下，鉴于治疗选择的减少，病原菌尤其令人担忧。在这篇综述中，我们总结了对细菌宿主物种适应的理解的最新进展，重点是人类和相关哺乳动物的病原体。我们特别关注细菌宿主适应关键步骤的分子机制，包括定植，营养获取，和免疫逃避，以及建议未来调查的关键领域。通过对病原菌宿主适应的潜在机制有更深入的了解，我们可能会发现针对这些微生物治疗和预防人类传染病的新策略，动物,和更广泛的环境。
