Abstract：
The increasing use and abuse of antibiotics in agriculture and aquaculture necessitates a more thorough risk assessment. We first advocate a precise assessment that subdivides the assessment scope from interspecies to intraspecific levels. Differences in ENR residues and degradation within the intraspecific category were simultaneously explored. This study chose red and GIFT tilapia, both belonging to the intra-specific category of tilapia, for an enrofloxacin (ENR) exposure experiment. Red tilapia had a lower area under the curve (AUC) representing drug accumulation, indicating a notably shorter withdrawal period (7 days) compared to GIFT tilapia (31.4 days) in the edible parts. While four potential transformation pathways were proposed for ENR in tilapia, red tilapia had fewer detected degradation products (6 items) than GIFT tilapia (10 items), indicating a simpler transformation pathway in red tilapia. Predictive assessments using the Toxtree model revealed that of the four extra degradation products in GIFT tilapia, two may possess carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. Overall, differences were observed in ENR residues and degradation within the intraspecific category, with red tilapia presenting lower risks than GIFT tilapia. This work suggests a new strategy to perfect the methodology for antibiotic risk assessment and facilitate systematic antibiotic administration management in the future.
摘要：
在农业和水产养殖中使用和滥用抗生素的增加需要更彻底的风险评估。我们首先提倡精确评估，将评估范围从种间水平细分为种内水平。同时探索了种内类别内的ENR残基和降解的差异。本研究选择了红色和GIFT罗非鱼，两者都属于罗非鱼的种内类别，用于恩诺沙星（ENR）暴露实验。红罗非鱼的曲线下面积（AUC）较低，代表药物积累，表明与可食用部分的GIFT罗非鱼（31.4天）相比，戒断期（7天）明显较短。虽然在罗非鱼中提出了四种潜在的ENR转化途径，红罗非鱼的降解产物(6项)少于GIFT罗非鱼(10项)，表明红罗非鱼的转化途径更简单。使用Toxtree模型进行的预测性评估显示，GIFT罗非鱼中的四种额外降解产物，两种可能具有致癌和致突变特性。总的来说,在种内类别内的ENR残基和降解中观察到差异，红罗非鱼的风险低于GIFT罗非鱼。这项工作提出了一种新的策略，以完善抗生素风险评估的方法，并促进未来系统的抗生素管理。
