Abstract：
Carotenoids, natural tetraterpenoids found abundantly in plants, contribute to the diverse colors of plant non-photosynthetic tissues and provide fragrance through their cleavage products, which also play crucial roles in plant growth and development. Understanding the synthesis, degradation, and storage pathways of carotenoids and identifying regulatory factors represents a significant strategy for enhancing plant quality. Chromoplasts serve as the primary plastids responsible for carotenoid accumulation, and their differentiation is linked to the levels of carotenoids, rendering them a subject of substantial research interest. The differentiation of chromoplasts involves alterations in plastid structure and protein import machinery. Additionally, this process is influenced by factors such as the ORANGE (OR) gene, Clp proteases, xanthophyll esterification, and environmental factors. This review shows the relationship between chromoplast and carotenoid accumulation by presenting recent advances in chromoplast structure, the differentiation process, and key regulatory factors, which can also provide a reference for rational exploitation of chromoplasts to enhance plant quality.
摘要：
类胡萝卜素,在植物中大量发现的天然四萜类化合物，有助于植物非光合组织的多种颜色，并通过其裂解产品提供香味，在植物生长发育中也起着至关重要的作用。理解合成，降解，和类胡萝卜素的储存途径以及识别调节因子代表了提高植物质量的重要策略。染色体作为主要的质体负责类胡萝卜素的积累，它们的分化与类胡萝卜素的水平有关，使他们成为具有实质性研究兴趣的主题。染色体的分化涉及质体结构和蛋白质导入机制的改变。此外,这个过程受到诸如ORANGE（OR）基因，Clp蛋白酶，叶黄素酯化，和环境因素。本文通过介绍染色体结构的最新进展，阐述了染色体与类胡萝卜素积累之间的关系。分化过程,和关键的监管因素，为合理开发利用色体提高植物品质提供参考。
