Abstract：
Gully erosion is a serious global environmental problem associated with land degradation and ecosystem security. Examining the influencing factors of gullies and determining susceptibility hold significance in environmental sustainability. The study evaluates the spatial distribution, influencing factors, and susceptibility of gullies in the Sunshui River Basin in Sichuan Province, Southwest China. The frequency ratio method supported by satellite images and the gully inventory dataset (1614 gully head points) with different influencing factors were applied to assess the distribution and susceptibility of gullies. Additionally, gully head points were grouped into a training set (70%, 1130 points) and a test set (30%, 484 points). Spatial distribution results indicated that most gullies are located in the middle and upper part of the basin, characterized by moderate elevation (2100-3300 m), steep slopes (11.63-27.34°), abandoned farmland, and Cambisols soil, and fewer gullies are located in lower part characterized by lower elevation, gentle slopes, and low vegetation coverage. Land use and land cover influence on susceptibility is significantly greater than other factors with a prediction rate of 33.9, especially farmland abandonment, while the occurrence of gullies is also more often on southwest-orientated slopes. Gully susceptibility highlighted that the study area affected by the very low, low, moderate, high, and very high susceptibilities to these gullies covered an area of about 16%, 23%, 32%, 26%, and 3% of the total basin respectively, which indicates 61% of the study area is susceptible to gully erosion. Moderate to high susceptibility is situated in the upper and middle part, consistent with the spatial distribution of gullies in the basin, and very high susceptibility (3%) is distributed in both the lower and upper parts of the basin. These results have important implications for soil loss control, land planning, and integrated watershed management in the mountainous areas of Southwest China.
摘要：
沟渠侵蚀是与土地退化和生态系统安全相关的严重全球环境问题。研究沟渠的影响因素并确定敏感性对环境可持续性具有重要意义。这项研究评估了空间分布，影响因素，四川省孙水河流域冲沟的易感性，中国西南地区。应用卫星图像支持的频率比率方法和具有不同影响因素的沟渠清单数据集（1614个沟渠头点）来评估沟渠的分布和敏感性。此外,沟壑头部点被分组到一个训练集(70%，1130点)和一个测试集(30%，484分)。空间分布结果表明，大部分冲沟位于盆地的中上部，以中等海拔(2100-3300米)为特征，陡坡(11.63-27.34°),废弃的农田,和坎比索尔斯的土壤，较少的冲沟位于以较低海拔为特征的下部，缓坡,植被覆盖率低。土地利用和土地覆盖对敏感性的影响显著大于其他因素，预测率为33.9，尤其是耕地弃置，而冲沟的发生也更经常发生在西南向的斜坡上。沟渠易感性突出表明，研究区域受影响非常低，低,中度,高,对这些沟渠的敏感性非常高，覆盖面积约16%，23%,32%,26%,分别占流域总量的3%，这表明61%的研究区域容易受到沟壑侵蚀。中度到高度敏感性位于上部和中部，与流域内冲沟的空间分布一致，并且在盆地的下部和上部都分布着非常高的敏感性（3％）。这些结果对土壤流失治理具有重要意义,土地规划,西南山区流域综合管理。
