PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: During pregnancy, the demand for omega-3 fatty acids, notably docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), escalates for both maternal and foetal health. Insufficient levels can lead to complications and can affect foetal development. This study investigated omega-3 status and its relation to dietary intake in pregnant Latvian women, along with its impact on gestational duration and newborn birth weight.
METHODS: The study comprised 250 pregnant and postpartum women with a mean age of 31.6 ± 4.8 years. Nutrition and omega-3 supplementation data were collected through a questionnaire covering 199 food items and 12 supplements. Fatty acids in erythrocyte membrane phospholipids were analysed via gas chromatography with flame ionization detection.
RESULTS: The median omega-3 fatty acid intake, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA from diet and supplements, was 0.370 g/day, which is deemed sufficient. However, the median weekly fish intake (126.0 g) and daily nut/seed intake (7.4 g) were insufficient. The median omega-3 supplement intake was 1.0 g/day. No correlation between omega-3 supplement intake and the omega-3 index was observed. There was a weak correlation between the DHA intake from fish and the omega-3 index (r = 0.126, p = 0.047), while a significant correlation between the total EPA and DHA intake from various sources and the omega-3 index was noted (r = 0.163, p = 0.01). Most women (61.6%) had an omega-3 index < 4%, while 34.8% had an index between 4 and 8%, and only 3.6% had an index > 8%. Notably, significant differences in EPA levels and the omega-3 index were found among respondents with differing infant birth weights (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The omega-3 intake during pregnancy adheres to the established guidelines, although fish consumption remains insufficient. A preconception evaluation of the omega-3 index is advocated to optimize prenatal intake. The indications suggest potential correlations between EPA levels, the omega-3 index, and infant birth weight.
METHODS: The study comprised 250 pregnant and postpartum women with a mean age of 31.6 ± 4.8 years. Nutrition and omega-3 supplementation data were collected through a questionnaire covering 199 food items and 12 supplements. Fatty acids in erythrocyte membrane phospholipids were analysed via gas chromatography with flame ionization detection.
RESULTS: The median omega-3 fatty acid intake, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA from diet and supplements, was 0.370 g/day, which is deemed sufficient. However, the median weekly fish intake (126.0 g) and daily nut/seed intake (7.4 g) were insufficient. The median omega-3 supplement intake was 1.0 g/day. No correlation between omega-3 supplement intake and the omega-3 index was observed. There was a weak correlation between the DHA intake from fish and the omega-3 index (r = 0.126, p = 0.047), while a significant correlation between the total EPA and DHA intake from various sources and the omega-3 index was noted (r = 0.163, p = 0.01). Most women (61.6%) had an omega-3 index < 4%, while 34.8% had an index between 4 and 8%, and only 3.6% had an index > 8%. Notably, significant differences in EPA levels and the omega-3 index were found among respondents with differing infant birth weights (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The omega-3 intake during pregnancy adheres to the established guidelines, although fish consumption remains insufficient. A preconception evaluation of the omega-3 index is advocated to optimize prenatal intake. The indications suggest potential correlations between EPA levels, the omega-3 index, and infant birth weight.
摘要：
背景：在怀孕期间，对omega-3脂肪酸的需求，特别是二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），孕产妇和胎儿健康都在升级。水平不足会导致并发症，并可能影响胎儿发育。这项研究调查了怀孕的拉脱维亚妇女的omega-3状态及其与饮食摄入的关系。以及其对妊娠持续时间和新生儿出生体重的影响。
方法：该研究包括250名孕妇和产后妇女，平均年龄为31.6±4.8岁。营养和欧米茄-3补充剂数据是通过一份涵盖199种食品和12种补充剂的问卷收集的。红细胞膜磷脂中的脂肪酸通过具有火焰离子化检测的气相色谱进行分析。
结果：ω-3脂肪酸摄入中位数，包括饮食和补充剂中的二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和DHA，为0.370克/天，这被认为是足够的。然而,每周鱼类摄入量中位数（126.0g）和每日坚果/种子摄入量（7.4g）不足。omega-3补充剂摄入量中位数为1.0g/天。未观察到omega-3补充剂摄入量与omega-3指数之间的相关性。鱼的DHA摄入量与omega-3指数之间存在弱相关性（r=0.126，p=0.047），同时注意到各种来源的总EPA和DHA摄入量与omega-3指数之间存在显着相关性（r=0.163，p=0.01）。大多数女性（61.6％）的omega-3指数<4％，34.8%的指数在4%到8%之间，只有3.6%的指数>8%。值得注意的是,在婴儿出生体重不同的受访者中,EPA水平和omega-3指数存在显著差异(p<0.05).
结论：怀孕期间的omega-3摄入量符合既定指南，尽管鱼类消费量仍然不足。提倡对omega-3指数进行预先评估，以优化产前摄入量。这些迹象表明EPA水平之间存在潜在的相关性，omega-3指数,婴儿出生体重。
方法：该研究包括250名孕妇和产后妇女，平均年龄为31.6±4.8岁。营养和欧米茄-3补充剂数据是通过一份涵盖199种食品和12种补充剂的问卷收集的。红细胞膜磷脂中的脂肪酸通过具有火焰离子化检测的气相色谱进行分析。
结果：ω-3脂肪酸摄入中位数，包括饮食和补充剂中的二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和DHA，为0.370克/天，这被认为是足够的。然而,每周鱼类摄入量中位数（126.0g）和每日坚果/种子摄入量（7.4g）不足。omega-3补充剂摄入量中位数为1.0g/天。未观察到omega-3补充剂摄入量与omega-3指数之间的相关性。鱼的DHA摄入量与omega-3指数之间存在弱相关性（r=0.126，p=0.047），同时注意到各种来源的总EPA和DHA摄入量与omega-3指数之间存在显着相关性（r=0.163，p=0.01）。大多数女性（61.6％）的omega-3指数<4％，34.8%的指数在4%到8%之间，只有3.6%的指数>8%。值得注意的是,在婴儿出生体重不同的受访者中,EPA水平和omega-3指数存在显著差异(p<0.05).
结论：怀孕期间的omega-3摄入量符合既定指南，尽管鱼类消费量仍然不足。提倡对omega-3指数进行预先评估，以优化产前摄入量。这些迹象表明EPA水平之间存在潜在的相关性，omega-3指数,婴儿出生体重。
