PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In this study, the effects of soil conditioners on the growth and development of melons and the rhizosphere soil environment were explored. The optimal amount of added soil conditioner was screened to solve the practical production problems of high-quality and high-yield thin-skinned melon. The melon variety \"Da Shetou\" was used as the material. Under the conditions of conventional fertilization and cultivation technology management, different soil conditioners were set up for potted melons. The effects of Pastoral soil (CK), 95% Pastoral soil + 5% volcanic ash soil conditioner (KT1), 85% Pastoral soil + 15% volcanic ash soil conditioner (KT2), 75% Pastoral soil + 25% volcanic ash soil conditioner (KT3), 65% Pastoral soil + 35% volcanic ash soil conditioner (KT4), and 55% Pastoral soil + 45% volcanic ash soil conditioner (KT5) on melon yield, quality, and rhizosphere soil characteristics were investigated. The soil microbial community was analyzed using Illumina MiSeq technology. Compared to CK, KT1, KT3, KT4, and KT5, the KT2 treatment could improve the single fruit yield of melon, increasing it by 4.35%, 2.48%, 2.31%, 5.92%, and 2.92%. Meanwhile, the highest contents of soluble protein, soluble solid, and soluble sugar in the KT2 treatment were 1.89 mg·100 g-1, 16.35%, and 46.44 mg·g-1, which were significantly higher than those in the control treatment. The contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-soluble nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available potassium, and available phosphorus in melon rhizosphere soil were the highest in the KT2 treatment. Through Alpha diversity analysis, it was found that the Chao1 index, Shannon index, and ACE index were significantly higher in the KT1 treatment than in the control, while, among all groups, the Simpson index and coverage were not significantly different. The dominant bacteria in the six treated samples were mainly Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Myxomycota, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadota, Verrucomicrobia, and Planctomycetes, which accounted for 96.59~97.63% of the relative abundance of all bacterial groups. Through redundancy analysis (RDA), it was found that the organic matter, electrical conductivity, available phosphorus, and nitrate nitrogen of melon rhizosphere soil were the dominant factors of bacterial community change at the dominant genus level. In summary, 15% ash soil conditioner applied on melon was the selected treatment to provide a theoretical reference for the application of soil conditioner in facility cultivation.
摘要：
在这项研究中,研究了土壤调理剂对甜瓜生长发育和根际土壤环境的影响。筛选土壤调理剂最佳添加量,解决优质高产薄皮甜瓜的实际生产问题。甜瓜品种“大社头”被用作材料。在常规施肥和栽培技术管理的条件下,为盆栽甜瓜设置了不同的土壤调理剂。田园土壤（CK）的影响，95%田园土+5%火山灰土壤调理剂(KT1),85%田园土+15%火山灰土壤调理剂(KT2),75%田园土+25%火山灰土壤调理剂(KT3),65%田园土+35%火山灰土壤调理剂(KT4),55%田园土+45%火山灰土壤调理剂(KT5)对甜瓜产量的影响，质量,研究了根际土壤特性。使用IlluminaMiSeq技术分析了土壤微生物群落。与CK相比,KT1、KT3、KT4、KT5，KT2处理可以提高甜瓜单果产量，增加4.35%，2.48%,2.31%,5.92%,和2.92%。同时,可溶性蛋白质含量最高，可溶性固体，KT2处理的可溶性糖为1.89mg·100g-1，16.35%，和46.44mg·g-1，显著高于对照组。有机物的含量，总氮,碱溶性氮，硝酸盐氮,铵态氮,有效钾，甜瓜根际土壤速效磷在KT2处理中最高。通过阿尔法多样性分析，发现Chao1指数，香农指数,KT1治疗组的ACE指数明显高于对照组,while,在所有群体中，辛普森指数和覆盖率无显著差异.6个处理样品中的优势菌主要为放线菌,变形杆菌,蓝细菌,氯氟菌,酸杆菌,拟杆菌,粘菌,Firmicutes,Gemmatimonadota,Verrucomicrobia,和Planctomycetes,占所有细菌群相对丰度的96.59~97.63%。通过冗余分析(RDA)，发现有机物，电导率，有效磷,甜瓜根际土壤硝态氮是优势属水平细菌群落变化的主导因子。总之,对甜瓜施用15%灰分土壤调理剂进行筛选处理,为土壤调理剂在设施栽培中的应用提供理论参考。
